1 Chapter 1Science and Marine Biology

• Chapter 1—Science and Marine Biology

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What percentage of the surface of the earth is covered by seawater?
• 46%
• 55%
• 64%
• 71%
• 83%

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 1

2. Oceans are important in all but the following ways:

• solar-powered engines that drive weather patterns.
• provide a substantial amount of the world's food supply.
• marine organisms are important for scientific research.
• a direct source of fresh water for arid lands.
• a source of industrial and medicinal materials.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: 1-2

3. Oceanography is the study of:

• the living organisms that inhabit the sea.
• the oceans and their phenomena.
• the oceans and living organisms.
• the chemical makeup of the oceans.
• the interactions of marine organisms with their environment.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 2

4. Marine biology is the study of:

• the living organisms that inhabit the sea.
• the oceans and their phenomena.
• the oceans and living organisms.
• the chemical makeup of the oceans.
• biogeochemical processes.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 2

5. The most complete scientific picture of the oceans comes from:

• thorough oceanographic studies.
• thorough marine biology studies.
• combining oceanography and marine biology information.
• having ocean usage policies.
• the popular media.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: 3

Chapter 1 (Introduction to Marine Biology 4e George Karleskint, Richard Turner, James Small ) (Test Bank all Chapters) 1 / 4

• Chapter 1—Science and Marine Biology

6. Knowledge of the ocean can come from all except:

• robotics.
• ocean law.
• deep submersibles.
• SCUBA studies.
• computers and new technologies.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: 3

7. The earliest recorded direct studies of marine biology are attributed to:

• the Greeks.
• the Catholic Church.
• Arabian philosophers.
• Micronesian mariners.
• the Chinese.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 3

8. The following marine biologist was aboard the HMS Beagle in 1831:

• Edward Forbes.
• Charles Wyville Thomson.
• Alexander Agassiz.
• Charles Darwin.
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 4

• Charles Darwin's observations while aboard the HMS Beagle led eventually to the:
• idea that life started on land.
• theory that life's origin was in fresh water.
• theory for the process that causes evolution.
• re-birth of marine biology.
• idea that life could not survive in the deep sea.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 4

• Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution based on data he collected during:
• the Beagle expedition.
• the Challenger expedition.
• the observations of Agassiz.
• Alvin's dives.
• his time spent on the rocky coastline of England.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 4

11. Darwin produced a well respected monograph on:

• mussels.
• sea lizards.
• Galapagos turtles.
• barnacles.
• marine fossils.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 5

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• Chapter 1—Science and Marine Biology

12. To Edward Forbes is attributed the idea that:

• life could not survive in the deep ocean.
• life occurs throughout the ocean depths.
• continents drift upon the earth's mantle.
• the mid-Atlantic rift ridge is a result of continental drift.
• “dead zones” occur in oxygen-depleted coastal waters.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 5

13. That the deep sea could not support life was proven wrong when:

• Alvin was able to explore the ocean depths.
• the observations from the Challenger expedition were reported.
• organisms were discovered while repairing the transatlantic telegraph cable.
• the development and use of robotic submersibles began.
• living organisms were found in the Gulf of Mexico dead zone.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 5

14. Modern oceanography and marine biology were attributed to:

• the voyage of the Beagle.
• the discoveries of Alvin.
• the laying of the transatlantic telegraph cable.
• expeditions of Alexander Agassiz.
• the Challenger expedition.

ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 5

15. The chief scientist on the HMS Challenger expedition was:

• Charles Darwin.
• Victor Hensen.
• Alexander Aggasiz.
• Charles Wyville Thomas.
• Edward Forbes.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 6

• The preeminent American naturalist of the late 1800s was
• Charles Darwin.
• Charles Wyville Thomson.
• Victor Hensen.
• Alexander Agassiz.
• Edward Forbes.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 6

17. To Alexander Agassiz are attributed the following theories except:

• colors of organisms were related to the absorption of different wavelengths of light at

different depths.

• that the Caribbean and Pacific Oceans were once connected.
• that atolls form atop sinking mountains.
• none of the above

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 6–7

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• Chapter 1—Science and Marine Biology

18. The phrase "Study nature, not books" is attributed to:

• Louis Agassiz.
• Alexander Agassiz.
• Charles Darwin.
• Charles Wyville Thomson.
• Aristotle.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 7

19. The first marine biology laboratory was:

• the Scripps Institute of Oceanography.
• the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole.
• the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Research.
• the Friday Harbor Laboratories.
• the Duke University Marine Laboratory.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 7

20. The first United States Marine Biological Laboratory was started by:

• Charles Wyville Thomson.
• Sir Alistair Hardy.
• Charles Darwin.
• Louis Agassiz.
• Alexander Agassiz.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 7

• Which United States marine science center is not on the Pacific Coast?
• Scripps Institute of Oceanography.
• Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.
• Duke University Marine Laboratory.
• Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 7

• Important United States marine laboratories on the Atlantic Coast include all except:
• Woods Hole Marine Biology Laboratory.
• Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.
• Duke University Marine Laboratory.
• Friday Harbor Laboratory.
• Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: 7

• The classic book The Open Sea: Its Natural History was written by:
• Fridtjof Nanson.
• Sir Alistair Hardy.
• Alexander Agassiz.
• Charles Wyville Thomson.
• Jacques-Yves Cousteau.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Recall REF: 7

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