1. hydrochloric acid, h. pylori

NUR 201 GI

• hydrochloric acid, h. pylori

Gastric Ulcers are caused by normal or abnormally low levels of and

• gall stones

People at high risk for include Native Americans, Males over 60, Mexican Americans, Women with a history of multiple child births. People that are obese, have DM and Chron's disease are also at an increased risk.

• Hepatotoxicity

Some drugs that can cause are tylenol, asprin, iron, copper.

• Hepatitis A

Poor sanitation, fecal or oral matter, contaminated water, shellfish, food contamination are all risk factors associated with .

5. UGI

Some nursing interventions for patients having this diagnostic test

Clear liquids night before. NPO 8 hours prior, no smoking morning of test, increase fluids and give ordered laxative after test to clear GI tract of contrast medium and prevent impaction. Stool may be white up to 3 days following test.

6. UGI 1 / 3

Barium swallow test - used to locate obstruction, ulceration or growths in the espophagus, stomach and duodenum down to the jujenum.

• Barium Enema

radiographic exam of the colon using fluoroscopy to locate tumors, obstruction and ulceration, inflammed diverticulae and stenosis of the lower GI tract

• Barium Enema

Some nursing interventions for patients having this diagnostic test

NPO for 8 hours before test, bowel must be clear of stool (will be given 2 liters of Go Litely), clears liquids for 2 days prior. Notify the md if any constipation occurs.

9. CEA

used to indicate markers for GI cancer

10. MRI

During this test, the pt is ploaced in a large magnetic field and is required to lay motionless for up to 30 - 90 minutes while a dull thumping sound is heard

in the machine. All metal must be removed and metal fillings may have a tingling sensation.

• ascites

some signs and symptoms of this may be abdominal distenstion and weight gain

• jaundice
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signs and symptons of this includes yellowing of the skin and sclera, dark urine and clay colored stool

• smoking, etoh

Use of these will increase your risk of GI cancer

• cardiac sphincter

ingesting fats cause an increase in gastric juices, and will cause an over flow back through the and into the esophagus (GERD)

• stress ulcer

can be caused when a critically ill pt has decreased blood flow resulting in ischemia, which allows acid to seep in.

• Crohn's disease

nursing care is aimed at sympton relief, prevention of dehy- dration and malnutrition

• t-tubes

nursing care for this includes wearing loose fitting clothing, coil drainage tube and secure to abd with tape, avoid heavy lifting, keep scissors at the bedside at all times, central bile duct, changed about 1-3 days.

• portal sytemic hypertension

main cause of ascites

• ascites
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