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Chapter 1 - The Foundation of Physiology
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- Which of these statements does NOT apply to the study of physiology?
- identifying the location of the stomach and how it is related to the location of the pancreas
- describing the factors that affect cardiac output
- describing the process by which nerve impulses are transmitted
- explaining how the hormone thyroxin is synthesized in the thyroid glands
ANSWER: a
- Which one of these pairs is correctly matched?
- anatomy/body function
- bacteria/multicellular
- organs/one primary tissue
- physiology/body function
ANSWER: d
- Which of the following is a mechanistic rather than a teleological explanation of a physiological
- A person breathes to obtain oxygen.
- A person sweats to cool off.
- A person’s stomach secretes digestive juices because it is stimulated by the nervous system.
- A person’s heart beats to pump blood.
phenomenon?
ANSWER: c
- Which one of these sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization?
- cell, organ, tissue, system, organism
- cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
- tissue, cell, system, organism, organ
- tissue, cell, organism, system, organ
ANSWER: b
- Which progression represents the hierarchy of organization, from simplest to more complex?
- atom, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
- tissue, cell, system, organism, organ, body
- system, atom, cell, organ, tissue, organism
- atom, molecule, compound, cell, body, organism
ANSWER: a
- Which of these types of tissues uses the terminology “smooth”?
- connective tissue
- epithelial tissue
- glandular tissue
- muscle tissue
(Human Physiology From Cells To Systems, 4th Canadian Edition, 4e Lauralee Sherwood, Robert Kell, Christopher Ward) (Test Bank all Chapters) 1 / 4
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ANSWER: d
- Which of these tissues can be found on the outer layer of the skin?
- connective
- endocrine
- epithelial
- muscle
ANSWER: c
- What type of tissue consists of cells specialized for transmitting messages?
- connective
- muscle
- bone
- nervous
ANSWER: d
- Epithelial tissue is organized into which of the two general types of structures?
- cells and cell walls
- epithelial sheets and secretory glands
- ducts and nuclei
- protective and absorptive
ANSWER: b
- Which of these statements is characteristic of connective tissue?
- It has relatively few cells dispersed within an abundance of extracellular matrix.
- It has no blood vessels.
- It covers various parts of the body.
- It is usually found in the walls of hollow cavities.
ANSWER: a
- Which of the following statements does NOT apply to connective tissue?
- It includes bone.
- It includes blood.
- Elastin can be found in its extracellular material.
- It forms coverings and linings of the body cavities.
ANSWER: d
- Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?
- exocrine glands
- endocrine glands
- blood 2 / 4
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- smooth muscle tissue
ANSWER: c
- What kind of glands secrete through ducts to the outside of the body (or cavity open to the outside)?
- endocrine
- embryonic
- external
- exocrine
ANSWER: d
- Which of the following are two examples of exocrine glands?
- sweat glands and glands that secrete digestive juices
- mammary glands and the pancreas
- the bladder and the kidneys
- thyroid gland and sweat glands
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements describes endocrine glands?
- They consist of ducts.
- They secrete hormones internally into the blood capillaries.
- They are derived from connective tissue.
- They include the salivary glands.
ANSWER: b
- Which of these statements describes the internal environment?
- It consists of intracellular fluid.
- It is in direct contact with the body’s cells and consists of the extracellular fluid.
- It is inside the body but not in direct contact with the body’s cells.
- It is outside of the body and keeps the fluid volume in unchanging composition.
ANSWER: b
- What type of fluid resides within cells?
- intracellular
- interstitial
- extracellular
- plasma
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements describes stem cells?
- They are well-differentiated embryonic cells that may reproduce just one time.
- They may reproduce just one time and cannot be readily grown. 3 / 4
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- Their daughter cells may differentiate into a number of different specialized cell types.
- They cannot be readily grown unless they are already specialized cell types.
ANSWER: c
- Which of these systems mainly distributes nutrients and oxygen through the body?
- circulatory system
- digestive system
- endocrine system
- integumentary system
ANSWER: a
- Which of these statements describes extracellular fluid?
- It is the external environment of the body.
- It is the fluid inside each cell.
- It consists of plasma only.
- It consists of plasma and interstitial fluid.
ANSWER: d
- Which of these statements applies to the respiratory system?
- It eliminates unwanted substances from the body to the external environment.
- It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs in the pulmonary cavity.
- It is important for maintaining the proper pH of the internal environment.
- It is responsible for taking up required essential nutrients for the body.
ANSWER: c
- In which of the body systems is calcium mainly stored?
- endocrine system
- integumentary system
- muscular system
- skeletal system
ANSWER: d
- Which of these statements describes negative feedback?
- A change in a regulated variable triggers a response by the effector that opposes the change.
- The input to a system increases the output, and the output limits its own production by inhibiting the
- A control system’s input and output continue to enhance each other in order to maintain homeostasis.
- It is the main operating principle of most of the body’s homeostatic control mechanisms.
input.
ANSWER: b
- What are the two systems concerned with the control of body functioning by extrinsic controls?
- nervous and respiratory
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