1 Who is the legitimate source of political authority, according to the idea of individualism?

Chapter 1

• Who is the legitimate source of political authority, according to the idea of individualism?

(A)The powerful (B)The rich (C)The divine (D) The people

Answer: (D) The people

• Name two philosophers associated with social contract theory

(A)Locke and Smith (B)Locke and Hobbes (C)Polybius and Machiavelli (D) Rorty and Rawls

Answer: (B) Locke and Hobbes

• What differentiates a monarchy from a tyranny?

(A)The source of their legitimacy, with monarchies being based on the will of God and tyrannies being based on the will of the ruler (B)The source of their legitimacy, with monarchies being based on the will of the people or of God and tyrannies being based on neither (C)The purpose of government, with monarchies having bad motives and tyrannies having good ones (D) The purposes of government with monarchies having good motives and tyrannies having bad ones Answer: (D) The purposes of government with monarchies having good motives and tyrannies having bad ones

• What is meant by "classical republicanism?"

(A)A mixed state in which monarchical, aristocratic, and democratic principles are combined (B)A form of popular government that relies on elected representatives instead of direct democratic governance (C)A set of ideas that emphasizes concern for the common good over the self-interest of individuals (D) A set of ideas that emphasizes the importance of limited government and individual rights Answer: (C) A set of ideas that emphasizes concern for the common good over the self-interest of individuals

• What did the ancients mean by "democracy?"

(A)They thought it was equivalent to "mob rule" (B)Rule by the people in the interest of the entire community (C)Rule by the people in their own self-interest (D) They thought it was equivalent to "free government"

Answer: (B) Rule by the people in the interest of the entire community

• What is meant by American political development (APD)?

American Government Political Development and Institutional Change 8e Cal Jillson (Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) 1 / 4

(A)The study of development and change in American political processes, institutions, and policies over time (B)The study of America’s democratic development in comparison to the development of other democracies around the world (C)The thesis that American government has become much more political over time, thus reducing its capacity to solve the problems that affect the lives of ordinary Americans (D) None of the above Answer: (A) The study of development and change in American political processes, institutions, and policies over time

• How does the textbook author define the word "institution?"

(A)A place where official government business is conducted (B)The formal and informal rules that set the parameters within which "the game of politics" is played (C)A custom, practice, or organization, usually embedded in rules and law, that defines and structures social and political activity (D) None of the above Answer: (C) A custom, practice, or organization, usually embedded in rules and law, that defines and structures social and political activity

• Who normally rules in aristocracies and oligarchies?

(A)The poor (B)The rich (C)The middle class (D) None of the above

Answer: (B) The rich

• What lesson did the Founding Fathers learn from Polybius and Cicero?

(A)Mixed constitutions should be avoided (B)Mixed constitutions should be embraced because they balance the interests of the rich and the poor (C)Mixed constitutions should be embraced because they serve the interests of the middle classes (D) Mixed constitutions should be avoided because monarchy is clearly the best way to govern a republic Answer: (B) Mixed constitutions should be embraced because they balance the interests of the rich and the poor 10 What two concepts does classical liberalism favor?(A)Large government and aggregate rights (B)Limited government and individual rights (C)Large government and individual rights (D) Limited government and aggregate rights

Answer: (B) Limited government and individual rights

11 What was the dominant American political and social ideology in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries? 2 / 4

(A)Social Democracy (B)Classical Liberalism (C)Classical Republicanism (D) Corporatist Capitalism

Answer: (B) Classical Liberalism

12 What does secular mean?(A)Religious (B)Otherworldly (C)Non-religious (D) Selfish

Answer: (C) Non-religious

13 What did Aristotle mean by a "polity?" (A)A political community in which the institutions of oligarchy and democracy were mixed to produce political stability (B)A political community that is no larger than a city unless part of a confederacy (C)The worst possible form of government (D) None of the above Answer: (A) A political community in which the institutions of oligarchy and democracy were mixed to produce political stability 14 What is an aristocracy?(A)Rule by the many in the interest of the entire community (B)Rule of the few in their own self-interest (C)Rule by the few in the interest of the entire community (D) Both of the first two options

Answer: (C) Rule by the few in the interest of the entire community

15 What is a polis?(A)Greek term for political community on the scale of a city (B)Latin term for political community on the scale of a city (C)Greek term for political community on the scale of a state (D) Latin term for political community on the scale of a country

Answer: (A) Greek term for political community on the scale of a city

16 What was the official religion of the British colonies in North America?(A)There was no single official religion throughout all of the British colonies (B)Puritanism (C)Anglican (D) Catholicism Answer: (A) There was no single official religion throughout all of the British colonies 3 / 4

17 Which of these statements most accurately describes democratic political participation in the early colonies?(A)In New England colonies, most white men were allowed to actively participate in local democratic governance (B)In southern colonies, most white men were allowed to actively participate in local democratic governance (C)In all colonies, most white men were allowed to actively participate in local democratic governance (D) In all of the colonies, active participation in governance was limited to a few white men Answer: (D) In all of the colonies, active participation in governance was limited to a few white men 18 John Locke was a "giant" during which stage of the Western intellectual tradition?(A)The Ancient World (B)Modernity (C)The Middle Ages (D) The Renaissance

Answer: (B) Modernity

19 Which of the following are characteristics of American colonial settlement that influenced American political development?(A)Space for dissent and economic opportunity (B)Social fluidity and heterogeneity (C)Equality and tolerance (D) All of the above

Answer: (D) All of the above

20 When did the concept of individualism find its brightest moment and what form did it take?(A)At the Constitutional Convention and in the form of separation of powers (B)At the Magna Carta and in the form of the Barony (C)At the American Revolution and in the form of the idea that freedom has its own order and structure (D) At the English Revolution and in the form of religious tolerance Answer: (C) At the American Revolution and in the form of the idea that freedom has its own order and structure 21 How did St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas differ from the ancients and how did this impact the Founding generation?(A)They privileged the role of the sacred over the secular and this served as a negative example for the Founding generation (B)They privileged the role of the secular over the sacred and this served as a positive example for the Founding generation (C)They privileged the role of the national over sub-national governments and this served as a positive example for the Founding generation (D) They privileged the role of the sub-national over the national government and this served as a negative example for the Founding generation

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