1.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century, 17e (Schmalleger) Chapter 1 What Is Criminal Justice?

1.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Social ________ is a condition said to exist when a group is faced with social change, uneven development of culture, maladaptiveness, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus.

• order
• chaos
• organization
• disorganization

Answer: D

Page Ref: 4

Objective: Summarize the history of crime in America and corresponding changes in the American criminal justice system.

Level: Basic

2) ________ rights are guaranteed to all members of American society by the U.S. Constitution and are particularly important to criminal defendants facing formal processing by the criminal justice system.

• Social
• Group
• Individual
• Public order

Answer: C

Page Ref: 4

Objective: Summarize the history of crime in America and corresponding changes in the American criminal justice system.

Level: Basic

3) Who created a cabinet-level "drug czar" position to coordinate the "war on drugs"?

• Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor
• President Ronald Reagan
• Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas
• President George H. W. Bush

Answer: B

Page Ref: 5

Objective: Summarize the history of crime in America and corresponding changes in the American criminal justice system.

Level: Basic

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2 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.4) In the 1990s, the perception that crime rates were increasing and that offenders were not being punished resulted in an increased focus on ________.

• social justice
• individual accountability
• due process
• the consensus model

Answer: B

Page Ref: 6

Objective: Summarize the history of crime in America and corresponding changes in the American criminal justice system.

Level: Intermediate

5) Currently, we are seeing a decline in which types of crime?

• Gun-related crimes
• Internet-based crimes
• Traditional crimes
• Inner-city murders

Answer: C

Page Ref: 6-7

Objective: Summarize the history of crime in America and corresponding changes in the American criminal justice system.

Level: Intermediate

6) A person who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interests of society should take precedence over individual rights is a(n) ________ advocate.

• social justice
• public-order
• individual-rights
• civil justice

Answer: B

Page Ref: 9

Objective: Describe the public-order (crime control) and individual-rights (due process) perspectives of criminal justice, concluding with how the criminal justice system balances the two perspectives.

Level: Basic

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3 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.7) ________ is an ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life and is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and cultural beliefs about right and wrong.

• Public-order advocacy
• Individual-rights advocacy
• Social justice
• Civil justice

Answer: C

Page Ref: 10

Objective: Explain the relationship of criminal justice to general concepts of equity and fairness.

Level: Basic

8) Which model best assumes that the system's components work together harmoniously to achieve justice?

• The due process model
• The conflict model
• The individual rights model
• The consensus model

Answer: D

Page Ref: 12

Objective: Describe the American criminal justice system in terms of its three major components and their respective functions.

Level: Intermediate

9) The idea of a criminal justice nonsystem, in which different criminal justice agencies focus more on performance measures than on justice, is the basis of the ________ model.

• conflict
• due process
• consensus
• social justice

Answer: A

Page Ref: 16

Objective: Describe the American criminal justice system in terms of its three major components and their respective functions.

Level: Basic

10) A(n) ________ issued by a judge provides the legal basis for an apprehension of suspects by police.

• warrant
• indictment
• arraignment
• hearing

Answer: A

Page Ref: 17

Objective: Describe the process of American criminal justice, including the stages of criminal case processing.

Level: Basic 3 / 4

4 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.11) Before being questioned, defendants are usually advised of their ________ rights.

• civil
• individual
• political
• Miranda

Answer: D

Page Ref: 17

Objective: Describe the process of American criminal justice, including the stages of criminal case processing.

Level: Basic

12) During which stage in the criminal justice process are suspects photographed and fingerprinted?

• Arraignment
• Indictment
• Preliminary Hearing
• Booking

Answer: D

Page Ref: 17

Objective: Describe the process of American criminal justice, including the stages of criminal case processing.

Level: Basic

13) One purpose of the ________ is to provide an opportunity for bail.

• adjudication
• preliminary hearing
• first appearance
• indictment

Answer: C

Page Ref: 17-18

Objective: Describe the process of American criminal justice, including the stages of criminal case processing.

Level: Intermediate

14) By returning an indictment, the grand jury has determined that ________.

• the defendant is guilty of the crime
• there is probable cause to formally charge the defendant with the crime
• the defendant should be released on recognizance until the trial date
• the proposed plea bargain is unacceptable and may not be approved

Answer: B

Page Ref: 18

Objective: Describe the process of American criminal justice, including the stages of criminal case processing.

Level: Difficult

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