2016 Xuan Zhu - a. maps b. numbers c. texts d. graphics Answer: a

Chapter 1 © 2016 Xuan Zhu

• GIS is a specialised tool for handling
• maps
• numbers
• texts
• graphics

Answer: a

• Characteristics of a GIS that distinguish it from other kinds of computerised systems

include:

• a GIS can produce reports
• a GIS supports statistical analysis
• a GIS provides capabilities for data management
• a GIS provides spatial analysis functions

Answer: d

• Spatial data describe
• what geographical features are
• where geographical features are located
• geometry of geographical features
• both location and attribute of geographical features

Answer: d

• A GIS comprises
• hardware and software
• hardware, software and data
• hardware, software, data and people
• hardware, software, data, people and procedures

Answer: d

• The six functional components of GIS include
• hardware, software, data, people, organisations and procedures
• overlay analysis, buffer, spatial query, network analysis, surface analysis and

image processing

• spatial data input, data storage and management, data manipulation, data analysis,

data output and interfaces

• graphic user interfaces, command-line interfaces, programming interfaces, tools,

data management and people

Answer: c

• Which of the following is TRUE?
• GIS is rooted in computer sciences.
• GIS is rooted in computer mapping.

(GIS for Environmental Applications A practical approach, 1e Xuan Zhu) (Test Bank all Chapter) 1 / 4

Chapter 1 © 2016 Xuan Zhu

• GIS is rooted in land use inventory.
• GIS is rooted in remote sensing.

Answer: b

• To analyse the spatial associations between rainfall, elevation and vegetation, which GIS

function should you use?

• query
• buffering
• overlay analysis
• surface analysis

Answer: c

• A buffer might represent which of the following?
• the location of wetland
• the dispersion of pollutants
• the boundaries of a forest stand
• the path a bird takes when flying south for the winter

Answer: b

• Descriptive analysis with GIS is to
• describe what is where or where is what
• explain what should be where or where might be what
• prioritise decision alternatives
• develop what if scenarios

Answer: a

• Predictive analysis with GIS is to
• describe what is where or where is what
• explain why it is there
• describe what should be where or where might be what
• prioritise decision alternatives

Answer: c

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Chapter 2 © 2016 Xuan Zhu

• Which of the following statements is incorrect?
• Spatial data are generally collected under controlled situations.
• Spatial data are generally not collected under controlled situations.
• Spatial data capture the complexity of the real world in finite form through a

process of conceptualisation and representation.

• Spatial data record locations according to a particular georeferencing system.

Answer: a

• Spatial data are produced by measuring
• locations of geographical features only
• attributes of geographical features only
• both locations and attributes of geographical features
• none of the above

Answer: c

• Spatial data are perfect representations of geographical features in the real world without

loss of any details.

• true
• false

Answer: b

• The object view conceptualises geographical space
• as covered by continuous surfaces
• as consisting of discrete objects
• as containing point, line, area and surface features
• as a grid of cells

Answer: b

• The field view conceptualises geographical space
• as covered by continuous surfaces
• as consisting of discrete objects
• as containing point, line, area and surface features
• as covered by a collection of points sampled in the field

Answer: a

• Which of the following is true about large-scale maps?
• They show a smaller area of the Earth’s surface and contain fewer details about

geographical features than small-scale maps.

• They show a larger area of the Earth’s surface and contain more details about

geographical features than small-scale maps.

• They show a smaller area of the Earth’s surface and contain more details about

geographical features than small-scale maps. 3 / 4

Chapter 2 © 2016 Xuan Zhu

• They show a larger area of the Earth’s surface and contain fewer details about

geographical features than small-scale maps.

Answer: c

• Cartographic generalisation does not involve
• selection of geographical feature
• simplification of geographical feature
• classification of geographical feature
• geometric measurement of geographical feature

Answer: d

• Bairnsdale lies due east of Melbourne. This means that Melbourne and Bairnsdale lie at

the same

• latitude
• longitude
• altitude
• none of the above

Answer: b

• Which of the following types of map projection would be most appropriate for

representing the continent of Antarctica?

• cylindrical
• conic
• azimuthal
• none of the above

Answer: c

• Which of the following remain as straight lines in a normal conic projection?
• meridians
• parallels
• both of the above

Answer: a

• Which of the following is incorrect?
• Georeferencing is to establish locations of geographical features in terms of map

projections or projected coordinate systems.

• Georeferencing is to register a data layer with the correct real world coordinates.
• Georeferencing is to retrieve the coordinates of geographical features from a GIS

database.

• Georeferencing is to assign real world coordinates to spatial data.

Answer: c

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