2024 Pharmacology HESI NCLEX RN Exam TEST BANK

2024 Pharmacology HESI NCLEX RN Exam (TEST BANK) Guaranteed A+ Actual Questions and Answers, Complete 100%

• In developing a nursing care plan for a 9-month-old infant with cystic

fibrosis, because the nurse is concerned about adequate nutrition, which intervention would best meet this child's needs?A.Give aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide after meals.B.Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.C.Administer cholestyramine resin before each meal and at bedtime.D.

Administer omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux.:

Answer:

• Give pancrelipase capsule mixed with applesauce before each meal.

• An older client is receiving a water-soluble drug that is more than the

average dose for a young adult. Which action should the nurse implement first?A.Obtain a prescription for lower medication dosages.B.Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.C.Start IV fluids to decrease the serum drug levels.D.

Hold the next dosage and notify the health care provider.:

Answer:

• Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.

• When providing client teaching about the administration of

methylphenidate to a parent of a child diagnosed with ADHD, which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?A.The doses should be given exactly 12 hours apart to sustain a therapeutic serum level.B.Doses should be scheduled at midmorning and midafternoon to achieve optimal benefit.

C. 1 / 4

Give the medication only on school days and when the child appears to be anxious.D.

Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.-:

Answer:

D.Offer the child the medication with breakfast and after the child eats lunch.

• The nurse is preparing a child for transport to the operating room for an

emergency appendectomy. The anesthesiologist prescribes atropine sulfate, IM STAT. What is the primary purpose for administering this drug to the child at this time?A.Decrease the oral secretions.B.Reduce the child's anxiety.C.Potentiate the opioid effects.D.

Prevent possible peritonitis.:

Answer:

A.Decrease the oral secretions.

• A client who is experiencing an acute attack of gouty arthritis is prescribed

colchicine USP, 1 mg PO daily. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide the client?A.Take the medication with meals.B.Limit fluid intake until the attack subsides.C.Stop the medication when the pain resolves.D.

Report any vomiting to the clinic.:

Answer:

D.Report any vomiting to the clinic.Rationale:The client should be instructed to report signs of colchicine toxicity, such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, to the health care 2 / 4

provider. Food inhibits the absorption of colchicine when ingested concurrently.Limited fluid intake decreases the excretion of the uric acid crystals, which contributes to painful attacks. Typically, a client should remain on a daily dose of colchicine to decrease the number and severity of acute attacks, so stopping the medication after the pain resolves is not indicated.

• A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat

ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior to discharge?A.Maintain good oral hygiene.B.Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.C.Discontinue use of the drug gradually.D.

Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day.:

Answer:

D.Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day.Adequate hydration is important for all sulfa drugs because they can crystallize in the urine. If possible, the drug should be taken after eating to provide longer intestinal transit time. Option A is important for other medications, such as phenytoin, because of the incidence of gingival hyperplasia, and option C is important for steroid administration, but option D is most important to stress with this client.

• In addition to nitrate therapy, a client is receiving nifedipine, 10 mg PO

every 6 hours. The nurse should plan to observe for which common side effect of this treatment regimen?A.Hypotension B.Hyperkalemia C.Hypocalcemia D.

Seizures:

Answer:

A.Hypotension 3 / 4

Rationale:Nifedipine reduces peripheral vascular resistance and nitrates produce vasodilation, so concurrent use of nitrates with nifedipine can cause hypotension with the initial administration of these agents. Options B, C, and D are not side effects of this treatment regimen.

• During administration of theophylline, the nurse should monitor for signs

of toxicity. Which symptom would cause the nurse to suspect theophylline toxicity?A.Dry mouth B.Urinary retention C.Restlessness D.

Sedation:

Answer:

C.Restlessness

Rationale:Restlessness is a sign of theophylline intoxication. Other signs of

toxicity are anorexia, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and seizures.Options A, B, and D are common side effects of antihistamines but do not indicate theophylline intoxication.

• A 2-month-old infant is scheduled to receive the first DPT immunization.

What is the preferred injection site to administer this immunization?A.Dorsal gluteal B.Vastus lateralis C.Ventral gluteal D.

Deltoid:

Answer:

B.Vastus lateralis Rationale:The preferred intramuscular site for children younger than 2 years is the vastus lateralis. Options A, C, and D are not preferred injection sites for the infant at 2 months of age.

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