4 Identify and define the four types of questionstasks related to increasing cognitive

Version 1 1 Chapter 1 1) Explain the McMullen-Shepherd Model.

2) Define superficial similarities and structural similarities. Which of the two is considered the more challenging for entrepreneurs?

3) Describe the difference between the causal process and the effectuation process.

4) Identify and define the four types of questions/tasks related to increasing cognitive ability.

(Entrepreneurship, 11e Robert Hisrich, Michael Peters, Dean Shepherd) (Test Bank, Answer at the end of each Chapter) (For Complete File, Download link at the end of this File) 1 / 4

Version 1 2

5) Describe sustainable entrepreneurship and give a few examples of economic, environmental, and social gains it can generate for others.

6) Entrepreneurial Opportunities are defined as:

• new market entry through entrepreneur action.
• the entrepreneur's mental processes in deciding whether or not to act on a potential

opportunity.

• a feasibility assessment.
• situations in which new goods, services, raw materials and organizing methods can

be sold at greater than their production cost.

7) In Stage One of the McMullen-Shepherd Model:

• the entrepreneur decides whether or not there is an opportunity for someone.
• the entrepreneur consults experts in the market area of interest.
• the entrepreneur decides whether the opportunity that exists is a match with their

own knowledge and motivation.

• the entrepreneur engages in bricolage.

8) In Stage Two of the McMullen-Shepherd Model: 2 / 4

Version 1 3

• the entrepreneur deals with the business failure through counseling.
• the entrepreneur decides whether or not there is an opportunity for him or her

personally.

• the entrepreneur goes through the causal process of thinking structurally.
• the entrepreneur consults colleagues from previous jobs.

9) With regard to thinking structurally, superficial similarities:

• exist when the underlying mechanisms of the technology resemble (or match) the

underlying mechanisms of the market.

• exist when supply is less than demand.
• exist when entrepreneurs engage in bricolage.
• exist when the basic (relatively easy to observe) elements of the technology resemble

the basic elements of the market.

10) The causal process of thinking:

• starts with a desired outcome and focuses on the possible means to generate that

outcome.

• starts with what one has and selects among possible outcomes.
• involves bricolage.
• starts with brainstorming by meeting with industry professionals.

11) When entrepreneurs make do by applying combinations of the resources at hand to new problems and opportunities, this is known as: 3 / 4

Version 1 4

• sustainable entrepreneurship
• perceived desirability
• entrepreneurial intentions
• bricolage

12) Questions designed to increase an entrepreneurs' understanding of the nature of the

environment are known as:

• strategic questions
• connection tasks
• reflection tasks
• comprehension questions

13) An entrepreneur considering if what they are doing makes sense is an example of:

• a strategic question
• a connection task
• a reflection task
• a comprehension question

14) ________ are designed to stimulate thought about entrepreneurs' understanding and feelings as they progress through the entrepreneurial process.

• Strategic questions
• Connection tasks
• Reflection tasks
• Comprehension questions
• / 4