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55 questions with answers Introduction to the Immune System 1.What is the immune system's role?oTo protect the body from pathogens and foreign macromolecules, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and tumors.
2.What are pathogens?oMicroorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and parasites that cause disease.
3.What are antigens (Ag)?oSubstances on pathogens (proteins, glycoproteins, lipids) recognized by the immune system as non-self.
4.How does the immune system recognize pathogens?oThrough antigens on pathogen surfaces, which activate immune responses.
5.What are the two main branches of the immune system?oInnate immunity (non-specific, fast, no memory) and adaptive immunity (specific, slow, with memory).Organs of the Immune System 6.What are the primary lymphoid organs?oBone marrow and thymus, where immune cells originate and mature.
7.What are secondary lymphoid organs?oLymph nodes, spleen, and liver, which trap antigens and facilitate immune cell interaction.
8.What are tertiary lymphoid tissues?oSites like MALT, GALT, and BALT, which play roles during inflammatory responses.
9.What is the lymphatic system?oA network of vessels transporting lymph fluid, filtering pathogens, and supporting immunity.
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