a. the study of cultures

Chapter_01_What_Is_Anthropology_ Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 1.The word “anthropology” derives from the Greek anthropos and logos and literally means "_____."

• the study of cultures
• the words of civilized peoples
• the study of humans
• human biology and culture
• the evolution of man

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 4

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.1 - How does anthropology differ from other social and behavioral sciences?

2.Although the global scope of anthropological studies has increased during the past century, most recently there has been increased attention on ______.

• rural societies in the United States
• cultural and subcultural groups in industrialized areas
• communities in underdeveloped areas
• large, European cities
• farming societies in developing industrialized nations

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 5

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.1 - How does anthropology differ from other social and behavioral sciences?

3._____ is not a traditional subfield, or branch, of anthropology.

• Biological anthropology
• Cultural anthropology
• Anthropological linguistics
• Ethological anthropology
• Archaeology

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 5

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

4.Medical anthropology most often draws upon research from _____.

• anthropological linguistics and cultural anthropology
• archaeology and physical anthropology
• biological and cultural anthropology
• physical and biological anthropology
• anthropological linguistics and physical anthropology

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

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Chapter_01_What_Is_Anthropology_

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REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 14

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• In general, which of the following best describes biological anthropology?
• It focuses on how evolution of human begins and the physical variations among all types of people.
• It focuses almost exclusively on the study of non-human primates.
• It does not use any characteristics of comparative physical examination. It focuses exclusively on human traits.
• It focuses on only the study of evolution.
• It does not use any fieldwork data on physical characteristics.

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 6

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Primatology is the study of ______.
• the earliest origins of life on earth in order to better understand evolution and the Big Bang Theory
• primate culture and language and what distinguishes them from humans
• the first tools used by humans and how they evolved from early primate origins
• the nonhuman primates in their natural environments
• environmental and conservation issues related to the study of apes and monkeys

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 6

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Which of the following best characterizes the study of paleoanthropology?
• It is the study of the evolution of dinosaurs and how human life was modified due to the presence of large

reptiles.

• Paleoanthropologists focus on the reconstruction of the human fossil record through the excavation and

analysis of fossil remains.

• Although paleoanthropology is the study of early fossils, it most commonly focuses on how humans culturally

adapted to life in diverse environmental regions.

• Paleoanthropology is the study of non-human primates in their natural environments.
• Paleoanthropologists most often work in the field of forensic anthropology so that they can identify fossil

material for a wide variety of species.

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 6

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Forensic anthropologists are frequently asked to testify at trials because ______.
• they are specialists in interpreting human behavior and are able to best understand what motivates a criminal
• they are legal anthropologists and are familiar with laws surrounding the treatment of human remains
• they have a great deal of cross-cultural experience; forensic anthropologists are excellent at explaining a crime

scene

• forensic anthropology is the study of criminals and criminal behavior 2 / 4

Chapter_01_What_Is_Anthropology_

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• they specialize in identifying victims and circumstances of death

ANSWER: e

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 7

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Richard Wrangham’s study of young chimpanzees led to the startling conclusion that chimpanzees ______.
• sometimes eat poisonous foods
• often overeat and gorge themselves on new leaves
• occasionally eat substances solely for medicinal benefit
• always eat the same foods and do not vary their diet
• frequently carry out extended fasts for health reasons

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 7

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Biological anthropologists study the culture and the environment by ______.
• explaining the fixed characteristics of racial categories among people located in the United States
• reconstructing evolutionary records of humans, studying nearest living relatives, and studying how and why

physical traits of humans vary

• explaining differences in intelligence and personality between different groups of people from different parts

of the world

• providing facts that people are more diverse today than they were in the past
• applying better ways to understand human potential and encourage more people to become anthropologists

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Biological Anthropology, p. 6

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Historic archaeology ______.
• deals with that vast segment of the human cultures that existed prior to written history
• analyzes the first stone tools used by humans and infers about cultures based solely on this evidence
• analyzes cultures of people who used writing and where documents and records still exist
• is a form of applied anthropology in which archaeologists reconstruct cultures for museums
• works to protect cultural resources

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Archaeology, p. 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Ecofacts are ______.
• objects found in the natural environment that were used by people but not made or altered by them
• objects that have been made by people and are portable
• objects that have been made by people but are not portable 3 / 4

Chapter_01_What_Is_Anthropology_

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• objects found in the natural environment that were formed by natural occurrences such as exposure to great

heat or cold

• fossils that are embedded in natural stone

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Archaeology, p. 8

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Prehistoric archaeologists work with which of the following?
• Artifacts, ecofacts, and features
• Artifacts, features, and grammar systems
• Contemporary religious systems, artifacts, and ecofacts
• Artifacts, grammar systems, and contemporary religious systems

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Archaeology, p. 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• The specialty in archaeology that works to interpret and defend artifacts from building projects and other forms of site

destruction is called _____.

• paleoanthropology
• paleopathology
• prehistoric archaeology
• forensic anthropology
• cultural resource management

ANSWER: e

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Archaeology, p. 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

• Which of the following most accurately describes the goals of cultural resource management (CRM)?
• CRM is a type of contract archaeology in which the sites are excavated with the goal of presenting all

evidence (artifacts) in a museum-quality exhibit.

• CRM is public archaeology. As a result, it involves the preparation and use of volunteer citizens in

excavations on federal lands.

• CRM is considered the highest-quality scientific excavation on federal, state, or private lands. Each excavation

team includes a lawyer well-versed in all laws relating to site preservation.

• CRM focuses on conducting high-quality research in compliance with all laws relating to archaeological sites

excavated on federally-funded building projects.

• CRM focuses on conducting high-quality research in compliance with all state, national, and international laws

relating to archaeological excavation.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: Archaeology, p. 9

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Cult.Ferr.11.1.2 - What is the four-field approach to the discipline of anthropology?

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