ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISM

2022 - 2023 NCLEX - RN Mnemonics_ABC Questions and Answers Actual Latest Grade A +

ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISM

“4-A’s” Asymptomatic Abdominal mass Abdominal pulse Aches low back

ABDOMINAL DISTENSTION

"5-F's" Fat Fluid Feces Flatus Fetus

ACE INHIBITOR SIDE EFFECTS

"CAPTOPRIL" Cough Anaphylaxis Palpitations Taste Orthostatic -↓BP Potassium - ↑K+ Renal impairment Impotence Leukocytosis

ACID-BASE

"ROME" – Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal

ACIDOSIS

» Respiratory (opposite): pH Pco2

» Metabolic (equal): pH HCO3

ALKALOSIS

» Respiratory (opposite): pH Pco2

» Metabolic (equal): pH HCO3

ACIDOSIS/ALKALOSIS

“ROME”

Respiratory Opposite:

pH↑ PCO2↓ = alkalosis pH↓ PCO2↑ = acidosis

Metabolic Equal:

pH↑ HCO3↑ = Alkalosis pH↓ HCO3↓ = Acidosis

ACIDOSIS/ALKALOSIS – COMPENSTATION

“RUB MUB”

Respiratory Uses Bicarb Metabolic Uses Breathing

ALKALOSIS AND ACIDOSIS

AlKalosis has “K” – it’s “K”icking pH up = PH↑ AciDosis has “D” – it’s “D”ropping pH Down = PH↓

ACUTE INFLAMMATION FEATURES 1 / 4

Think: "what a cute pair of SLIPpeRs" to tie

acuteinflammation to “SLIPR”mnemonic).

“SLIPR”

Swelling Loss of function Increased heat Pain Redness

ADRENAL GLAND

HORMONES“SSS”

S-sugar (Glucocorticoids) S-salt (Mineralocorticoids)S- sex (Androgens) AIMS for improvement

“PETEES” AIMS

P - Patient centered careE - Efficient T - Timely E - Effective E - Equitable S - Safety

ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL – CLINICAL

FEATURES"HITS" Hallucinations (visual, tactile) Increased vital signs & insomnia Tremens delirium tremens (potentially lethal)Shakes/Sweat/Seizures/Stomach pain (N/V) ALCOHOLISM – BEHAVIORAL

PROBLEMS

“5-D's” D- Denial D- Dependency D- Demanding D- Destructive D- Domineering

ALCOHOLISM

OUTCOME“BAD”

B- Brain Damage A- Alcoholic Hallucinosis D- Death

ALDOSTERONE IS REGULATED BY:

"RNA’S" Renin-angiotensin mechanism Na concentration in blood Anp (ANP – atrial natriuretic peptide) Stress ALZHEIMER – “5 A’s” to DIAGNOSIS “5-A's” Amnesia – loss of memories Anomia – unable to recall names of everyday objects 2 / 4

Apraxia – unable to perform tasks of movement Agnosia – inability to process sensory information Aphasia – disruption with ability to communicate

ANGINA – PRECIPITATING FACTORS

"4-E's" Eating Emotion Exertion (Exercise) Extreme Temperatures (Hot/Cold weather)

“ANOREXIA” – EATING DISORDER

A-menorrhea delayed N-o organic factors accounts for weight loss O-obviously thin but feels FAT R-refusal to maintain normal body weight E-epigastric discomfort is common X-symptoms (peculiar symptoms) I-intense fears of gaining weight A-always thinking of foods

ANOREXIA NERVOSA – CLINICAL FEATURES

"ANOREXIC" A-adolescent women/Amenorrhea N-GT alimentation (most severe cases) O-obsession w/ wt. loss/becoming fat though underweight R-refusal to eat (5% die) E-electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., K+, cardiac arrhythmia) X-exercise I-intelligence often above average/Induced vomiting C-cathartic use (and diuretic abuse)

ANTICHOLINERGIC CRISIS

Can't see (blurred vision) Can't spit (dry mouth) Can't pee (urinary retention) Can't shit (constipation)

ANTICHOLINERGIC CRISIS – SIGNS

"SLUD" Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation ANTI-TB DRUGS & SIDE EFFECTS

“RIPES”

Rifampicin – red-orange urine Isoniazid – peripheral neuritis Pyrazinamide – increase uric acid Ethambutol – eye problems Streptomycin – ototoxic 3 / 4

(use a star as these drugs stain the teeth) – ???(H-eat, I-nduration) – ???

APGAR

SCORING

"APGAR"

Appearance: cyanosis--peripheral, central,

nonePulse: pulse rate

Grimace: response to stimulation

Activity: movement of the baby (muscle tone)

Respiration: respiratory rate

APPENDICITIS -

ASSESSMENT“PAINS”

Pain (RLQ) - pain in RLQ of abdomenAnorexia - loss of appetite Increased temperature, WBC (15,000- 20,000)Nausea Signs (McBurney's, Psoas)ARTERIAL

BLOOD GASES

1. look at pH:

Low pH = acidosis High pH = alkalosis

• use “ROME” mnemonic (to determine

if itsrespiratory or metabolic):

Respiratory – Opposite Metabolic – Equal

ASSESSING CHANGES IN

BEHAVIOR"DEMENTIA" Drug and alcoholEyes and ears Metabolic and endocrine disordersEmotional disorders Neurologic disordersTumors and trauma Infection Arterial vascular disease ASTHMA

MANAGEMENT

"ASTHMA" Adrenergics (Albuterol)Steroids Theophylli ne Hydration (IV) Mask (Oxygen) Antibiotics

ASTHMA - MANAGEMENT

Asthma is a spasm of the airways, which causes difficulty breathing.

“ASTHMA”

Adrenergic (Albuterol) Steroids Theophylline

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