AC-HPAT BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY, PHYSICS,

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AC-HPAT (BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY, PHYSICS,

MATH)

CORRECT SOLUTIONS.

Most of the cell membrane's specific functions are controlled

by: - correct answer- Proteins

Alcoholic Fermentation is a form of: - correct answer- Anaerobic

Respiration

Phagocytosis is a form of: - correct answer- Endocytosis

What is a pyruvate? - correct answer- Pyruvate is an important chemical compound in biochemistry. It is the output of the metabolism of glucose known as glycolysis. One molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate, which are then used to provide further energy, in one of two ways.

What are the small spherical bodies within a cell where proteins are assembled according to genetic instructions? - correct answer- Ribosomes

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What is the structural and functional unit of life? - correct answer- The cell

What is a prokaryotic cell? - correct answer- A cell that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

What is a eukaryotic cell? - correct answer- A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

What is cellular respiration? - correct answer- A catabolic pathway for the production of ATP, in which sometimes oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with an organic fuel. At times, the process proceeds without oxygen, but this is less efficient.

What is anaerobic respiration? - correct answer- A form of cellular respiration that does not involve oxygen.

What is aerobic respiration? - correct answer- Form of cellular respiration which requires oxygen to generate energy.

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Name the four types of transport that allow small molecules to

move across the cell membrane: - correct answer- Diffusion,

Osmosis, Active Transport, and Passive Transport.

Prokaryotes often reproduce by: - correct answer- Binary

Fission

What is binary fission? - correct answer- A form of asexual reproduction in which the parent divides into two identical halves.

What is cytokinesis? - correct answer- The division of cytoplasm into two identical daughter cells, which occurs during the telophase stage of mitosis.

What is a haploid cell? - correct answer- A cell that contains one set of chromosomes

What is a diploid cell? - correct answer- A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

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What is chromatin? - correct answer- The substance of which eukaryotic chromosomes are composed, consisting of mostly proteins, DNA, and RNA.

What is a centriole? - correct answer- a cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.

What is a chromosome? - correct answer- A structure carrying genes is a linear sequence, found in the nucleus, consisting of DNA and protein.

What is DNA? - correct answer- A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins. It makes up the genetic material of most living organisms and plays a role in determining heredity.

What is RNA? - correct answer- A single-stranded nucleic acid molecule involved in protein synthesis. It is responsible for carrying the genetic code transcribed for DNA to specialized sites within the cell where the information is translated into protein composition.

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