ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TEST

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TEST

BANK ACTUAL FINAL LATEST EXAM

UPDATE / WITH 12 CHAPTERS [1-

12] AND 200+REAL QUESTIONS AND

WELL DETAILED CORRECT AND

VERIFIED ANSWERS [GRADED A+]

//BRAND NEW EXAM!!

Ch. 1 #1 As part of a screening program for prostate cancer, men at a senior citizens' center are having their blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measured. Which of the following statements would best characterize a high positive predictive value but a low negative predictive value for this screening test?

• All of the men who had high PSA levels developed prostate cancer; several

men who had low PSA levels also developed prostate cancer.

• All of the men who had low PSA levels were cancer-free; several men who had

high levels also remained free of prostate cancer.

• Men who had low PSA levels also displayed false-positive results for prostate

cancer; men with high levels were often falsely diagnosed with prostate cancer.

D) The test displayed low sensitivity but high specificity. - ANSWER-Ans: A

The test's inability to rule out cancer with a low PSA level indicates a low negative predictive value. Answer B suggests a high negative predictive value, while answer 1 / 4

C indicates a low positive predictive value. High positive predictive value is associated with high sensitivity

Ch. 1 #2 A male international business traveler has returned from a trip to Indonesia. While there, he hired a prostitute for companionship and engaged in unprotected sex on more than one occasion. Unbeknownst to him, this prostitute harbored the hepatitis C virus. Upon return to the United States, he exhibited no symptoms and returned to his usual activities. During this period of no outward symptoms, the man would be classified as being in

• the preclinical stage of disease.
• remission and unlikely to develop hepatitis C.
• the clinical disease stage of hepatitis C.

D) the chronic phase of hepatitis C. - ANSWER-Ans: A

During the preclinical stage, the disease is not clinically evident but is destined to progress to clinical disease.

Ch. 1 #3 As of November 1, 2012, there were a total of 10 confirmed cases of Hantavirus infection in people who were recent visitors (mid-June to end of August, 2012) to Yosemite National Park. Three visitors with confirmed cases died. Health officials believe that 9 out of the 10 people with Hantavirus were exposed while staying in Curry Village in the Signature Tent Cabins. This is an example of

• what the anticipated mortality rate would be if a family of five were planning to

vacation in Yosemite National Park.

• the prevalence of Hantavirus one can anticipate if he or she is going to vacation

in Yosemite National Park.

• the low rate of morbidity one can expect while traveling to Yosemite National

Park.

• the incidence of people who are at risk for developing Hantavirus while staying

in Yosemite National Park. - ANSWER-Ans: D 2 / 4

The incidence reflects the number of new cases arising in a population at risk during a specified time.

Ch. 1 #4 A particular disease has a debilitating effect on the ability of sufferers to perform their activities of daily living and is a significant cause of decreased quality of life. However, few people die as a result of the disease's direct effects.There are hundreds of thousands of Americans living with the disease but relatively few new cases in recent years. Which of the following statements best conveys an accurate epidemiological characterization of the disease?

• Low mortality; high morbidity; low prevalence; high incidence
• Low mortality; high morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
• High mortality; low morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
• High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence - ANSWER-

Ans: D

Morbidity is associated with quality of life, while mortality is indicative of causation of death. In this case, morbidity is high and mortality is low. Prevalence refers to the number of cases present in a population, while incidence refers to the number of new cases. In this case, prevalence is high, while incidence is low

Ch. 1 #5 At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.

• Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book

reviews and word games during social time

• Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care

facilities

• Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with

diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking classes 3 / 4

• Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their

hemodialysis sessions

• Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children -

ANSWER-Ans: A, B, C, E

The WHO definition of health is defined as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity." Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.

Ch. 1 #6 A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?

• The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American

descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.

• The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to

hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime. C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.

• The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many

health care facilities. - ANSWER-Ans: B

In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access to health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the "attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death" determinant.

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