ANEMIA NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FINAL EXAM 2023 NEW VERSION

ANEMIA NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (FINAL EXAM 2023 NEW VERSION)

mother asks the nurse if her child's iron deficiency anemia is related to the child's frequent infections. The nurse responds based on the understanding of which of the following?a.Little is known about iron-deficiency anemia and its relationship to infection in children.b.Children with iron deficiency anemia are more susceptible to infection than are other children.c.Children with iron-deficiency anemia are less susceptible to infection than are other children.d.Children with iron-deficient anemia are equally as susceptible to infection as are other children.

Rationale: If iron deficiency anemia is left untreated, it can make you more susceptible to illness and infection, as a lack of iron affects the body's natural defense system (the immune system).

When a client is diagnosed with aplastic anemia, the nurse monitors for changes in which of the following physiological functions?a.Bleeding tendencies b.Intake and output c.Peripheral sensation d.Bowel function

Aplastic anemia decreases the bone marrow production of RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets (aka pancytopenia, the decrease in overall CBC's). The client is at risk for bruising and bleeding tendencies. The patient is also at risk for infections

A client was admitted with iron deficiency anemia and blood-streaked emesis. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining the extent of the client's activity intolerance?a."What activities were you able to do 6 months ago compared with present?" b."How long have you had this problem?" c."Have you been able to keep up with all your usual activities?" d."Are you more tired now than you used to be?"

ANEMIA NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (FINAL EXAM 2023 NEW VERSION)

Rationale: It is difficult to determine activity intolerance without objectively comparing activities from one time frame to another. Because iron deficiency anemia can occur gradually and individual endurance varies, the nurse can best assess the client’s activity tolerance by asking the client to compare activities 6 months ago and at the present

A client is beginning a regimen of ferrous sulfate or iron. As you prepare to administer the medication, it is important for you to advise the client that

select all that apply:

• Her urine will turn a dark orange
• Her bowel movements will be dark and tarry
• Her appetite will be diminished
• Her vision will become slightly blurred
• She may experience constipation

rationale: Constipation or stools that are black or green also occur. (The unusual coloring is because of absorbed iron, and is not harmful.) In rare cases, ferrous sulfate

side effects include: Diarrhea.

The usual treatment for iron-deficiency anemia includes:

• Vitamin B12 injection
• non-enteric-coated ferrous sulfate
• Enteric-coated or sustained-release ferrous sulfate
• Whole blood transfusion

The usual Tx is 325 mg p.m. daily. enteric-coated and sustained rolls formulas should be avoided, as they are poorly absorbed

A 52-year-old patient has a new diagnosis of pernicious anemia. After teaching the patient about pernicious anemia, the nurse determines that the patient understands the disorder when the patient states, a."I will need to have cobalamin (B12) injections regularly for the rest of my life." b."I will stop having a glass of wine with dinner." c."The numbness in my feet will go away once my hemoglobin level returns to normal." d."My diet should include more red meat or liver."

rationale: pernicious anemia is the lack of intrinsic factor within the stomach to absorb vitamin B12. inherently, pernicious anemia is simply vitamin B12 deficiency. To correct pernicious anemia, you have to give B12 injections so that vitamin B12 goes directly into the bloodstream rather than it being absorbed via the stomach which will then bring it into the bloodstream. So basically, you are skipping the mediator

ANEMIA NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (FINAL EXAM 2023 NEW VERSION)

A patient with a history of iron-deficiency anemia who has not taken iron supplements for several years is experiencing increased fatigue and occasional palpitations. The nurse would expect the patient's laboratory findings to include a.hematocrit (Hit) 38%.b.red blood cell count (RBC) 4,500,000/l.c.hemoglobin (Hgb) 8.6 g/dl (86 g/L).d.normal RBC indices.

The patient's clinical manifestations indicate moderate anemia, which is consistent with a Hgb of 6 to 10 g/dl. The other values are all within the range of low-normal to normal.

remember:

HCT measures how much of your blood is made up of red blood cells. These do not include WBC's, platelets, etc., only RBC's.

HGB measures how many IRONS CONTAINING RBC's there are in circulation that can carry O2.

Thus, HCT is a good measure for blood loss anemia, whereas HGB is a good measure of iron deficiency anemia

When caring for a client with a coagulation disorder, your primary focus should be on: a.Prevention of infection b.Pain management c.Reducing edema d.Prevention of injury and hemorrhage

During physical assessment of a patient, the nurse suspects a chronic, severe iron- deficiency anemia on finding a.Yellow-tinged sclerae b.Gum bleeding and tenderness c.Shiny, smooth tongue d.Numbness of extremities

ANEMIA NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (FINAL EXAM 2023 NEW VERSION)

rationale:

iron deficiency anemia presents with:

• chronic bleeding • increased chance of infection • Brittle Nails • Cheilosis (cracking at the edges of the mouth) • Pica (craving for unusual substances) • Smooth red tongue

Loss of the papillae of the tongue occurs with chronic iron deficiency. Scleral jaundice is associated with hemolysis, gum bleeding and tenderness occur with thrombocytopenia or neutropenia, and extremity numbness is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency or pernicious anemia.

A client states that she is afraid of receiving vitamin B12 injections because of the potential toxic reactions. What is the nurse's best response to relieve these fears?a."Vitamin B12 will cause ringing in the eats before a toxic level is reached." b."Vitamin B12 may cause a very mild skin rash initially." c."Vitamin B12 may cause mild nausea but nothing toxic." d."Vitamin B12 is generally free of toxicity because it is water soluble."

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin. When water-soluble vitamins are taken in excess of the body's needs, they are filtered through the kidneys and excreted. Vitamin B12 is considered to be nontoxic. Adverse reactions that have occurred are believed to be related to impurities or to the preservative in B12 preparations. Ringing in the ears, skin rash, and nausea are not considered to be related to vitamin B12 administration.

The nurse understands that the client with pernicious anemia will have which distinguishing laboratory findings?a.Schilling's test, elevated b.Intrinsic factor, absent.c.Sedimentation rate, 16 mm/hour d.RBCs 5.0 million

The defining characteristic of pernicious anemia, a megaloblastic anemia, is lack of the intrinsic factor, which results from atrophy of the stomach wall. Without the intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed in the small intestines, and folic acid needs vitamin B12 for DNA synthesis of RBCs. The gastric analysis was done to determine the