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Anesthetics Drugs
By: Muhammad Aurangzeb
Lecturer-INS/KMU
Objectives
By the completion of this section the learners will be able to:
•Define the term anesthesia and anesthetic agents •Differentiate between different types of anesthesia •Identify the stages of general anesthesia •Describe Characteristics of general and local anesthetic agents.•Identify most commonly used anesthetic agents •Discuss factors considered when choosing anesthetic agents.•Compare general and local anesthesia in terms of administration, client’s safety and nursing care.•Discuss the rationale for using adjunctive drugs before and during surgical procedures.•Describe the nursing role in related to anesthetics and adjunctive drugs.•Discuss the action, indication and side effects of neuro-muscular blocking agent •Calculate the drug dosage of injectable anesthetic agent
Anesthesia
•The word anesthesia is coined from two Greek words:
"an" meaning "without" and "aesthesis“ meaning "sensation".•Anesthesia refers to the practice of administering medications either by injection or by inhalation (breathing in) that block the feeling of pain and other sensations, or that produce a deep state of unconsciousness that eliminates all sensations, which allows medical and surgical procedures to be undertaken without causing undue distress or discomfort.
Anesthesia •It is a pharmacologically induced and reversible state of amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes or decreased stress response, or all simultaneously.•An alternative definition is a "reversible lack of awareness," including a total lack of awareness (e.g. a general anesthetic) or a lack of awareness of a part of the body such as a spinal anesthetic.•The pre-existing word anesthesia was suggested by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. in 1846 as a word to use to describe this state.•Anesthesiology is a special branch of medicine.•Nurses working in this area need to have knowledge and skill to care for the patient who is being given premedication, under anesthesia and recovering.
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