Answers At The End - in Education: Leadership and School Reform Twel...

Organizational Behavior

in Education: Leadership

and School Reform Twelfth Edition Robert G. Owens Thomas C. Valesky Test Bank Christopher M. Parfitt Answers At The End 1 / 4

Table of Contents Introduction iv Chapter 1 Organizational and Critical Theory 1 Chapter 2 Guiding Concepts for a Theory of Practice 6 Chapter 3 Mainstreams of Organizational Thought 9 Chapter 4 A Systems Approach to Organization 13

Chapter 5 Motivation: Understanding Self and Others 18

Chapter 6 The Human Dimension of Organization 22 Chapter 7 Organizational Culture and Organizational Climate 25 Chapter 8 Organizational Change 28 Chapter 9 Leadership 32 Chapter 10 Decision Making 36 Chapter 11 Conflict and Communications in Organizations 41 Chapter 12 School Reform 45 Answer Key 49 2 / 4

Chapter 1: Organizational and Critical Theory

Chapter 1 Organizational and Critical Theory

Multiple-Choice Questions:

1.01 Because schools are educative organizations differing from commercial, governmental, industrial, or military organizations, which aspects and approaches are vital for success and must be understood by school leaders?a.The unique educative mission.b.To avoid or minimize all conflict.c.Establishment of strict hierarchical controls.d.To increase the personal and interpersonal competencies of participants.e.Both a and d above.

1.02 Which of the following mechanisms are included in bureaucratic theory?a.To have clear plans and schedules.b.A firm hierarchical control of authority.c.To allow subordinates the freedom to make decisions.d.Flexible standards to allow for creative problem-solving processes.e.Both a and b above.

1.03 Which of the following would characterize organizations that emphasize Human Resources Development Theory?a.Having a detailed employee handbook to guide expected behavior.b.Closely supervising to ensure compliance with rules.c.Bringing individuals together to solve problems.d.Evaluating employees based on continuous administrative observation.e.Both a and c.

1.04 Which of the assumptions are typically held by an administrator for ascribes to Douglas McGregor’s Theory Y?a.Employees are indifferent with work, only take some initiative, accept minimal responsibility, and only some have ambition.b.Employees view work as satisfying, exercise initiative, accept responsibility, and make good decisions.c.Employees vary in satisfaction, some must be closely supervised, mostly accept responsibility, and some will make good decisions.d.Employees dislike work, must be closely supervised, shirk responsibility, and have minimal ambition.e.None of the above.

1.05 From the examples below, select the one that best illustrates Chris Argyris’s idea of Pattern A, soft behavior.

• A supervisor meets with grade-level teachers to describe the new reading series that

has been adopted and to ask for additional ideas on implementation.

• The math teachers are

provided with the math achievement test data from last year and they are asked to devise methods to improve the scores.1

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Chapter 1: Organizational and Critical Theory

c.The principal forms a faculty advisory committee to develop a school-wide discipline plan based on current research.d.The principal meets with the food-service staff to ask them to come up with better ways to move the students through the lines quicker.e.Both a and d.

1.06 One of the main reasons the Tennessee Student-Teacher Achievement Ratio (STAR)

research meets the “gold standard” for education research is because:

a.A large, diverse sample that was tracked longitudinally was used.b.Students were randomly assigned to classes.c.Some variables were found to be not significant.d.Some variables were found to be significant.e.Both a and b are correct.

1.07 The two major perspectives of educational organizations are bureaucratic views and human resources development views. Select the correct answer to differentiate which of the following methods of controlling behavior in an organization would be characteristic of human resources development views.a.A reading coach is hired to supervise and help teachers because the state and district have determined that reading is a problem in the schools.b.When new teachers arrive, there is an induction program to help them understand the values and goals of the school.c.New teachers are given a teacher handbook that includes procedures and schedules to help them understand expectations.d.Grade-level teams are assigned the task of developing plans to deal with the goal of improving math achievement test scores.e.Both b and d.

1.08 Structuralism as used in this book is most closely associated with:

a.Underlying patterns of logic, system, and order.b.Quantitative empirical research.c.Human relations theory.d.Using qualitative research methods to describe the culture of organizations.e.Both a and b.

1.09 Structuralism became unpopular in the field of education:

a.Because structuralism was not always sufficiently taught well enough in colleges of education.b.Because newer methods of inquiry were too prescribed to describe organizational behavior accurately.c.Because structuralism provided inaccurate measures of student achievement and learning.d.Because of a disjunction between publicly espoused values and what occurs in schools.e.Both a and d are true.2 .

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