Answers at the end of each chapter.

Test Bank For

Practical Research:

Design and Process 13 th Edition Jeanne Ellis Ormrod Answers at the end of each chapter. 1 / 4

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Chapter 1: The Nature, Tools, and Ethics of Research 1

Learning Outcome Quizzes 1 Application Exercises 19 Test Items 26 Test Answer Key 31 2 / 4

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Chapter 1: The Nature, Tools, and Ethics of Research

Chapter 1 Learning Outcome Quizzes Learning Objective 1.1. Distinguish between (a) common uses of the term research that reflect misconceptions about what research involves and (b) the true nature of research in academic and other institutional settings.[Q1] People use the term research to describe many processes that would not be considered “true” research. Which one of the following activities is essential for all forms of research as the book defines the term?

• Reporting what previous researchers have discovered about a topic.
• Locating relevant information in one or more published sources.
• Exposing participants to a new treatment or experience.
• Interpreting the data collected. [correct]

[Feedback for Answer Choice 1] Beginning in the middle school grades, many children learn how to write “research reports.” However, simply reporting other people’s findings does not constitute research as the book defines the term.[Feedback for Answer Choice 2] In the book’s words, this activity is simply “rummaging around” for information that might initially be hard to find.[Feedback for Answer Choice 3] This activity characterizes experimental research (to be discussed in Chapter 7) but is not an element of many other kinds of research.[Feedback for Correct Answer 4] Yes, in true research, the researcher interprets the data by imposing meaning on them and drawing one or more conclusions from them.[Q2] Which one of the following questions is the best example of a research question that might drive a research study?

• Are television commercials for automobile insurance more effective if they make

viewers laugh? [correct]

• What is the best way to objectively assess the humorous content of a commercial for

car insurance?

• How can I recruit good actors to play roles in a simulated automobile accident? 3 / 4

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• Which car insurance companies report the highest profit margins?

[Feedback for Correct Answer 1] Yes, this question presumably involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting new data.[Feedback for Answer Choice 2] This question might be better characterized as a methodological one that a researcher needs to address prior to conducting a study.[Feedback for Answer Choice 3] This question is better answered by an experienced talent agent than by a researcher.[Feedback for Answer Choice 4] Answering this question simply involves rummaging around for information that has presumably already been reported elsewhere.[Q3] In what key way are assumptions and hypotheses different in a research project?

• Assumptions are typically rather abstract and vague. Hypotheses tend to be more

concrete and specific.

• Assumptions are typically fairly concrete and specific. Hypotheses tend to be more

abstract and vague; they are often difficult to pin down in terms of their precise meanings.

• Assumptions are certain “givens” that a researcher takes for granted as being true.

Hypotheses are more speculative; they may or may not be true. [correct]

• Assumptions are somewhat speculative in nature; they may or may not be true.

Hypotheses tend to be certain “givens” that a researcher takes for granted.[Feedback for Answer Choice 1] Many assumptions can easily be pinned down in concrete terms.[Feedback for Answer Choice 2] Hypotheses must be concrete and specific enough that they can be tested and either supported or disconfirmed by data collected in a research study.[Feedback for Correct Answer 3] Yes, this is an accurate statement about the difference between the two concepts.[Feedback for Answer Choice 4] The reverse is actually true.[Q4] A researcher wants to find out what particular characteristics of poetry are likely to evoke strong emotional reactions in people. In addressing this topic, the researcher

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