ANSWERS PROFESSOR VERIFIED ALREADY GRADED A

MICROBIOLOG

ANSWERS PROFESSOR VERIFIED ALREADY GRADED A+

JUST RELEASED.

◉ Acid-Fast Cell Wall. Answer: Gram-positive structure with a waxy layer of glycolipids and mycolic acid

◉ Plasma Membrane. Answer: Deepest layer of cell envelope, phospholipid bilayer, site of respiration and photosynthesis

◉ Ribosome. Answer: Site of protein biosynthesis, 70S in size, separates into 50S and 30S subunits

◉ Genome. Answer: Single circular chromosome, appears as a diffused nucleoid or chromatin body

◉ Plasmid. Answer: Extrachromosomal double-stranded DNA element associated with virulence

◉ Large Plasmid. Answer: Produces ß-lactamases for resistance to ß-lactam antibiotics

◉ Small Plasmid. Answer: Resistant to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol

◉ Inclusion Bodies. Answer: Serve as energy source or food reserve, composed mainly of polysaccharides

◉ Endospores. Answer: Small dormant structures aiding bacterial survival against external conditions

◉ Terminal Spore. Answer: Associated with Clostridium tetani

◉ Sporogenesis/Sporulation. Answer: Process of spore formation 1 / 2

◉ Glycocalyx. Answer: Outward complex of polysaccharides aiding in bacterial attachment

◉ Capsule. Answer: Organized material firmly attached to the cell wall, mostly polysaccharide polymers

◉ Slime Layer. Answer: Unorganized material loosely attached to the cell wall, consists of polysaccharides

◉ Flagellum. Answer: Exterior protein filament causing bacterial motility

◉ Pili (Fimbriae). Answer: Hair-like proteinaceous structures aiding in attachment or genetic transfer

◉ Biochemical Structure of Penicillin. Answer: Correct structure proposed by Edward Abraham.

◉ Inner Membrane/Wall. Answer: Composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer, susceptible to mechanical breakage

◉ Salvarsan. Answer: Arsphenamine discovered by Paul Ehrlich for syphilis treatment.

◉ Chemotherapy. Answer: Treatment using chemical substances for diseases, including cancer.

◉ Bacterial Taxonomy. Answer: Organizing living organisms based on genotype and phenotype.

◉ Taxonomy. Answer: Formal system for classifying and naming living things.

◉ Classification. Answer: Organizing microorganisms into specific groups based on traits.

◉ Domain. Answer: Highest taxonomic rank - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.

◉ Genus. Answer: Group of species with common characteristics.

◉ Species. Answer: Basic group of bacterial strains with common features.

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