ANSWERSLATEST - cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells pro...

1

ANSWERS|LATEST

PASS Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER T cells produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.

Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities

How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER Alterations of DNA

Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. - ANSWER (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.

Explain RAAS - ANSWER Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

• Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin

> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.

DKA - ANSWER increased anion gap, decreased HCO3

How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER retain H and excrete HCO3

Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER Potassium 1 / 3

2

West Nile Virus - ANSWER Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck

Lyme disease - ANSWER Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.

Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"

Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWER Spina bifida

Trousseau's sign - ANSWER arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia

Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER results from failure of neural tube to close.sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.

hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER males

Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS

Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia

Describe Lupus - ANSWER Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash

• / 3

3

Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.

dermatitis - ANSWER inflammation of the skin

eczema - ANSWER noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

decubitus ulcer - ANSWER sore caused by lying down for long periods of time

Fungal infections - ANSWER superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections caused by exposure to spores

may or may not be transmitted

benign neoplasm - ANSWER noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders

malignant neoplasm - ANSWER uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads

Osteoporosis - ANSWER The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.

osteomalacia - ANSWER disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency

myoglobin - ANSWER red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells

• / 3