ARRT EXAM LATEST ACTUAL

ARRT EXAM LATEST ACTUAL

EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT

DETAILED ANSWERS || A+GRADE

During pulsed fluoro the generator produces short bursts of energy between __ and ___ milliseconds Correct Answer 3-10

T/F: spectral beam filters reduce dose without compromising

image quality by decreasing low-energy or "soft" radiation.Correct Answer True

Give two examples of common filtration materials. Correct Answer Aluminum and Copper

0.2mm copper filter reduces exposure by __% and 2.0 mm reduces by __% Correct Answer 50% , 70%

What is the role of an image intensifier? Correct Answer Converts incident X-rays into visible light, amplifying image brightness by about 10,000 and improving the visibility.

Input layer converts x-rays to electrons and is made up of four components. The input window, substrate, input phosphor, photocathode.

The x-rays for strike the input window, which consists of a sin, current layer of metal or glass. The x-rays or than converted into light photons as they pass-through the 0.5 mm aluminum substrate layer and input phosphor layer, which is made of cesium iodide crystals.

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The photocathode absorbs the light photons and converts them into electrons.the electron lens focuses the electrons through the electron optic system. This system creates an electric potential, which intensifies and demagnifies the electron beam to the size of the output layer.

The anode then accelerates the electrons through the output phosphor later which converts them into visible light photons. The light photons emerge from the image intensifier through a glass output window.

The diameter of the Image intensifier input window is between __ & __ cm. Correct Answer 10 - 40 cm

When using magnification the radiation dose decreases inversely by ____ Correct Answer The SQUARE of the ratio of the image intensifier diameter

T/F Image magnification can increase blur and degrade spatial resolution unless a very small focal spot is used for AV fistulas or cardiac catheterization. Correct Answer True

Name 5 image processing techniques used in digital subtraction angiography Correct Answer Road mapping, image fade, mask pixel shift, frame summation, vessel measurement

T/F the most common set up of X-ray tube is to be under the table with the image intensifier above the patient Correct Answer True

X-ray tube above the patient are more beneficial for which type of procedures? Correct Answer Interventional

Why is the acquisition or "cine" mode of fluoroscopy used sparingly ? Correct Answer It uses 15 times more radiation per frame to obtain quality diagnostic images compared to normal 2 / 4

fluoroscopy mode. Cine mode is always pulsed, usually 15 frames / second

Why is over the table X-ray tube configurations frowned upon?Correct Answer They increase radiation exposure to personnel because scatter radiation is projected back toward the tube.

Give examples of features designed in fluoro systems to reduce patient radiation dose. Correct Answer Maximum possible source to skin distance Filtration Collimation Primary protective barrier automatic exposure control Bucky slot cover Cumulative timer Dose area product meter

The SSD must be at least ___cm on stationary fluoro Correct Answer 30cm

Max or Min? Ideally, you want the ___ distance between the X-ray tube and patient , and ____ distance between patient and image intensifier tube. Correct Answer Maximum , Minimum

What is the inverse square law? Correct Answer The intensity of X-ray beam at a given point is inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the radiation source

What is a primary protective barrier and must have 2mm lead equivalent to capture the useful X-ray beam? Correct Answer The fluoroscopic image receptor

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The total filtration must be at least ____ mm of aluminum equivalent. Correct Answer 2.5mm (recommend at least 3.0mm at 80 kVp)

A dose-area-product is an indicator of radiation risk. Expressed it R-cm^2, incorporates radiation dose and volume of tissue irradiated. The DAP increases as the field size _______ because more tissue is exposed. They are radio_______ and placed next to X-ray source below the collimator. Correct Answer Increased, Radiolucent

What are the sizes for large and small focal spots in mm? Correct Answer 0.5 mm for small focal spots, 1.2mm for large focal spots

Lead aprons and Gonadal shields should have how much protective shielding in mm lead? Correct Answer 0.5mm lead

During fluoroscopy the principles of _______, _____, and ________ can help reduce patient and occupational exposure.Correct Answer Time, Distance, Shielding

The image intensifier should be placed as (close or far) away from patient , reducing magnification, improving image quality, and reduce patient dose Correct Answer Close

T/F: the use of electronic magnification should not be limited.

Correct Answer False. You must limit magnification to protect patient from excessive radiation doses.

Pregnant personnel: the MONTHLY dose to embryo or fetus

should not exceed ____ mrem per month or ____mrem over course of pregnancy. Correct Answer 50mrem, 500mrem

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