ATI NCLEX Review Questions

ATI NCLEX Review Questions & Rationales

• What questions should a nurse ask when obtaining a health history for a client with a

history of chest pain and dyspnea?

Frequency or intensity of the pain and if it radiates to another area, any exacerbating events, if anything makes it better/worse, how long the pain/SOB lasts, and if anything helps to reduce the dyspnea.

• A client's lab values indicate a serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L. How could this affect

the client's vital signs?

Hypernatremia - hyperreflexia, seizures, coma, confusion, increased HR and BP

• A nurse is teaching a caregiver about the use of a vacuum-assisted closure system.

How should the nurse instruct the caregiver to apply the foam strips?

Use of foam strips laid into the wound bed with an occlusive sealed drape applied and suction tubing is placed for a negative pressure (suction) to occur once the tubing is connected to the systems therapy unit.

• What class of medication is amitriptyline and why is this medication used as an adjuvant

medication for pain?

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

Class: Tricyclic antidepressant

Use: Indicated for chronic pain syndromes (fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, headache, lower back pain) The adjuvant medication is used to help the opiod work.

• A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who asks if montelukast sodium can be taken

for acute asthma symptoms. When should montelukast sodium be taken?

Daily at bedtime, and 2 hours before exercise for exercise induced bronchospasms.

• A client has a new prescription for salmeterol. The nurse is teaching the client about

adverse effects of the medication. What instructions should the nurse include in thus education?

Salmeterol SE - headache, heart palpitations, tachycardia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, soreness, muscle cramps, trembling, paradoxical bronchospasm, cough Clients taking salmeterol should be taught to take their pulse daily and report an increase in 20 bpm. https://www.coursehero.com/file/84028032/ATI-NCLEX-Review-Questions-Rationales-2pdf/ This study resource was shared via CourseHero.com

• A client has a new prescription for an albuterol inhaler and a beclomethasone inhaler.

What instructions should the nurse include concerning use of these inhalers?

Administer albuterol first, as albuterol enhances glucocorticoid absorption, therefore enhancing the beclomethasone absorption.

• A nurse is administering gemfibrozil to a client with elevated cholesterol. Identify two (2)

adverse effects related to this medication.

Gemfibrozil SE - abdominal discomfort, myopathy

• A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a prescription for methotrexate.

What should the nurse include in the client education?

Teach the patient to watch for coffee-ground emesis/black tarry stools which may indicate a GI bleed (notify HCP in the occurrence of these symptoms), watch for mouth sores, perform frequent oral hygiene, do not become pregnant while taking this medication, encourage increased fluid intake, teach the patient they will require labs to be drawn while on this med.

• A nurse is preparing to educate a client with diabetes who has a new prescription for

metformin. What should the nurse included in the client instructions?

Contraindications: Severe infection, shock, hypoxic conditions, alcohol use disorders.Avoid during pregnancy (Pregnancy Risk Category B). Do not use iodine-containing contrast medias.

Pt. Teaching: Take immediate-release tablets 2x/day with breakfast and dinner. Take sustained-release tablets once/day with dinner.

Metformin SE: GI disturbances (anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, weight loss), Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid deficiency, Lactic acidosis (hyperventilation, myalgia, sluggishness, somnolence)

• A nurse has provided education to a client who has a new prescription for exenatide.

What statements by the client would indicate they understand the instructions?

"I should give exenatide injection within 60 mins before the morning and evening meals, never to be administered after a meal. I should administer oral medications 1H before injecting exenatide. Or I could use the longer-acting formula which can be administered once weekly."

https://www.coursehero.com/file/84028032/ATI-NCLEX-Review-Questions-Rationales-2pdf/ This study resource was shared via CourseHero.com