AWAKE READILY AROUSABLE ORIENTED X

NUR 300 Neuro

• what is considered alert

Answer AWAKE & READILY AROUSABLE• ORIENTED X

3• RESPOND APPROPRIATELY TO STIMULI• CONDUCT MEANINGFUL INTER-

PERSONALINTERACTIONS

• what is considered lethargic/somnolent

Answer •not fully alert and drifts off to sleep when not stimulated • can be aroused when called to in a normal voice • responds appropriately to questions or commands but thinking seems slow and fuzzy • Inattentive • Loses train of thought • spontaneous movements are decreased

• what is considered obtunded

Answer •Transitional state between lethargy and stupor • sleeps most of the time • Needs loud shouts or vigorous shaking to arouse • Speech is mumble, incoherent and in monosyllables • Requires constant stimulation for even marginal cooperation

• what is considered stupor or semi-coma

Answer •Spontaneously unconscious • response only to persistent and vigorous shaking or pain • Has appropriate motor responses (e.g., withdraws hand to avoid pain) • groans, mumbles, or moves restlessly 1 / 4

• reflex activity persists

• what is considered coma

Answer •Completely unconscious

• no response to pain or external or internal stimuli (e.g., children do not cry when starting an iv)

• Light coma

has some reflex activity but no purposeful movement

• Deep coma

has no motor response

• delirium (acute confusional state)

Answer •Cloudy consciousness

• Inattentive • incoherent conversation • impaired recent memory and confabulatory (fabrication, distortion) for recent events • agitated • visual hallucinations, disorientation, confusion worse at night when environmental stimuli are decreased

• glasgow coma scale

Answer eyes, verbal, motor Max- 15 pts, below 8= coma

• CNS contains what

Answer 2 / 4

brain and spinal cord

• PNS contains what

Answer nerve fibers outside brain and spinal cord

• how many pairs of cranial nerves

Answer 12

• how many pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 31, and all their branches

• The peripheral nervous system carries what

Answer sensory (afferent) messages to Central nervous system from sensory receptors

• the peripheral nervous system motor (efferent) messages what

Answer from CNS to muscles and glands, as well as autonomic messages that govern internal organs and blood vessels

• cerebral cortex

Answer The intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information-processing center.

• damage to the cerebral cortex causes what

Answer Produces a corresponding loss of function 3 / 4

Answer

´Motor weakness ´Paralysis ´Loss of sensation ´Impaired ability to understand and process language

• hypothalamus

Answer Respiratory center and basic functions, eg. appetite, sex drive, temp, HR, BP, sleep

• pituitary gland

Answer anterior and posterior pituitary gland regulation and coordina- tion or autonomic nervous system, stress response, and emotional status

• cerebellum location

Answer located under occipital lobe

• what does the cerebellum do

Answer coordination of voluntary movements, equilibri- um, and muscle tone

• does not initiate, but coordinates movements
• Coordinates many different muscles needed in playing piano, swimming, or juggling

• brain stem cranial nerve

Answer CN III through XII originate from nuclei in brain stem

• midbrain
• / 4