Basic Chemistry, 6e - Chapters) Download Link at the end of this File...

Basic Chemistry, 6e Karen Timberlake, William Timberlake (Solutions Manual All Chapters) Download Link at the end of this File 1 / 4

1Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chemistry in Our Lives Learning Goals • Define the term chemistry, and identify chemicals.• Describe the scientific method.• Identify strategies that are effective for learning. Develop a study plan for learning chemistry.• Review math concepts used in chemistry: place values, positive and negative numbers, ­percentages, solving equations, and interpreting graphs.• Write a number in scientific notation.Chapter Outline

Chapter Opener: Forensic Scientist

1.1 Chemistry and Chemicals

1.2 Scientific Method: Thinking Like a Scientist

Chemistry Link to Health: Early Chemist: Paracelsus 1.3 Studying and Learning Chemistry 1.4 Key Math Skills for Chemistry 1.5 Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation

Update: Forensic Evidence Helps Solve the Crime

Key Math Skills • Identifying Place Values (1.4) • Using Positive and Negative Numbers in Calculations (1.4) • Calculating Percentages (1.4) • Solving Equations (1.4) • Interpreting Graphs (1.4) • Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation (1.5) Answers and Solutions to Text Problems 1.1 a. Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter.

• A chemical is a substance that has the same composition and properties wherever it is found.

1.2 Your friends may give a variety of answers, most of which will probably not agree with the definitions you provided.

1.3 Many chemicals are listed on a bottle of multivitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin B 3, ­vitamin B 12, vitamin C, and folic acid.

1.4 Many chemicals are listed on a cereal box such as vitamin A, vitamin B 6, vitamin B 12, vitamin C, folic acid, sugar, salt, and iron.M01_TIMB7194_06_ISM_C01.indd 14/27/19 1:37 PM 2 / 4

Chapter 1 2Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.

1.5 Typical items found in a drugstore and some of the chemicals they contain are as ­follows: Antacid tablets: calcium carbonate, cellulose, starch, stearic acid, and silicon dioxide

Mouthwash: water, alcohol, thymol, glycerol, sodium benzoate, and benzoic acid

Cough suppressant: menthol, beta-carotene, sucrose, and glucose

1.6 Typical chemicals found in dishwashing products are: water, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, dimethyl amine oxide, sodium chloride, and phenoxyethanol.

1.7 a. observation b. hypothesis c. experiment

• observation e. observation f. conclusion

1.8 a. observation b. hypothesis c. experiment

• experiment e. observation f. hypothesis

1.9 a. observation b. hypothesis c. experiment d. experiment 1.10 a. hypothesis b. observation c. experiment d. conclusion 1.11 There are several things you can do that will help you successfully learn chemistry, ­including attending class regularly, forming a study group, reading the assigned pages in the textbook before class, answering the Engage questions as you read new material in the textbook, ­trying to solve the Sample Problems first before reading the provided Solutions, working the Self Tests and Practice Problems and checking the Answers, self-testing during and after ­reading each section, retesting on new information a few days later, going to the instructor’s office hours, and keeping a problem notebook.

1.12 Many things make it difficult to learn chemistry, including not going to class regularly, not working Sample Problems and Self Tests, not reading the assignment ahead of class, not going to the instructor’s office hours, and waiting until the night before an exam to study.

1.13 Ways you can enhance your learning of chemistry include

• forming a study group.
• asking yourself questions while reading the text.
• answering the Engage questions.

1.14 Ways you can enhance your learning of chemistry include

• studying different topics at the same time.
• attending review sessions.
• working the problems again after a few days.
• keeping a problem notebook.

1.15 a. The bolded 8 is in the thousandths place. b. The bolded 6 is in the ones place.

• The bolded 2 is in the tenths place. d. The bolded 6 is in the hundreds place.
• The bolded 9 is in the hundredths place.

1.16 a. The bolded 9 is in the hundreds place. b. The bolded 7 is in the tens place.

• The bolded 6 is in the ones place. d. The bolded 8 is in the tenths place.
• The bolded 1 is in the hundredths place.

1.17 a.15-(-8)=15+8=23 b. -8+(-22)=-30

• 4*(-2)+6=-8+6=-2 d.

e.

-25+(-11)

-3+6 = -36 3 =-12 1.18 a. -11-(-9)=-11+9=-2 b. 34+(-55)=-21 c.-56 8 =-7 d. 0.04+(-0.08)=-0.04 e.

-2*(-4)

2 +12= 8 2

+12=4+12=16

75-(-44) - 65=75+44 - 65=54

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3Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.Chemistry in Our Lives c.55-a+15 4 =a

• a

55-a+15 4 b=4(a) 55-a+15=4a 70-a=4a 70 - a+a=4a+a 70=5a

70 5 = 5a 5 a=14 d.6a-27 3 =-a

• a

6a-27 3 b=3(-a) 6a-27=-3a 6a-27 +27 =-3a+27 6a=-3a+27 6a+3a=-3a +27+3a 9a=27

9a 9 = 27 9 a=3 b.a 6 =7

• a

a 6 b=6(7) a=42

• 3b-4=24-b

3b-4+4=24-b+4 3b=28-b 3b+b=28-b+b 4b=28

4b 4 = 28 4 b=7 1.20 a. 2b+7=b+10 2b+7-7=b+10-7 2b=b+3 2b-b=b-b+3 b=3 1.19 a. 4a+4=40 4a+4-4=40-4 4a=36

4a 4 = 36 4 a=9 c.-16 - 2b+8b 2 =b

• a

-16 - 2b+8b 2 b=2(b) -16 - 2b+8b=2b -16+6b=2b -16+16+6b=2b+16 6b=2b+16 6b-2b=2b+16-2b 4b=16

4b 4 = 16 4 b=4 d.3*(-4b)+32 2 =-4b

• a

3*(-4b)+32 2 b=2(-4b) 3*(-4b)+32=2(-4b) -12b+32=-8b -12b+32+12b=-8b+12b 32=4b

32 4 = 4b 4 b=8 1.21 a. The graph shows the relationship between the temperature of a cup of tea and time.

• The vertical axis measures temperature, in °C.
• The values on the vertical axis range from 20 °C to 90 °C.
• As time increases, the temperature decreases.

1.22 a. The horizontal axis measures time, in minutes.

• The values on the horizontal axis range from 0 min to 100 min.
• After 20 min, the temperature of the tea is about 56 °C.
• About 38 min were required for the tea to reach a temperature of 45 °C.

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