Bio 182 Exam 2 ASU Latest Update -

Bio 182 Exam 2 ASU Latest Update - Actual Exam 250 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+ Approved by the Professor

abiotic - CORRECT ANSWER: physical conditions

adaptive plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER: one genotype has multiple phenotypes & environments trigger change

allopatry - CORRECT ANSWER: populations occur in different places

biological species - CORRECT ANSWER: group of potentially interbreeding species

biotic - CORRECT ANSWER: other organisms

Cladistics - CORRECT ANSWER: Grouping is based on common ancestry

Do enzymes maintain a rigid structure while catalyzing? - CORRECT ANSWER: No it is constantly changing

Do smaller or larger populations have more chance for genetic drift? - CORRECT

ANSWER: Smaller populations

Each nucleotide represents? - CORRECT ANSWER: the state of a single trait

Environmental examples - CORRECT ANSWER: air temp

food availability social group 1 / 4

evolutionary species - CORRECT ANSWER: lineage that remains distinct throughout

space & time

Fisher's Model - CORRECT ANSWER: Assume: Each set of parents give birth to two offspring.A new allele (a) arises, which has no effect on fitness (fitness of Aa = fitness of AA).Fisher 1930, The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection

Then:

Within each couple, there is a 25% chance the new allele will be lost during reproduction.

Gene flow - CORRECT ANSWER: dispersal of organisms btw genetically distinct

populations

genetic drift - CORRECT ANSWER: evolution caused by random processes in

population in a population of finite size

Genetic drift can do what to neutral alleles - CORRECT ANSWER: eliminate & spread

Genetic drift can...? - CORRECT ANSWER: -eliminate neutral alleles.

-spread neutral alleles.-eliminate beneficial alleles

high temps - CORRECT ANSWER: more rigid enzymes

homology - CORRECT ANSWER: phenotype that is similar between two species

because of common ancestry 2 / 4

homoplasy - CORRECT ANSWER: phenotype that is similar between two species

because of convergent evolution

How can sympatric populations evolve reproductive isolation? - CORRECT ANSWER:

not very easily

How can we quantify gene flow? - CORRECT ANSWER: Estimate genetic variances

How do we know evolutionary relationships among species? - CORRECT ANSWER:

We don't. But we can generate hypotheses

Influx of beneficial alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER: Speeds adaptation

Influx of deleterious alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER: Slows adaptation

Is fixation of a deleterious allele or the loss of a beneficial allele more probable? -

CORRECT ANSWER: Loss of a beneficial allele

low temps - CORRECT ANSWER: more flexible enzymes

migration load - CORRECT ANSWER: maintenance of deleterious alleles by migration

niche - CORRECT ANSWER: range of environmental conditions in which a genotype

can persist

Organisms such as the Antarctic fish can live at extremely low temperatures. Which mechanism best describes how they do this?

they modify their proteins to be more flexible. - CORRECT ANSWER: Modify their

proteins to be more flexible

• / 4

outgroup - CORRECT ANSWER: species closely related to the in-group but less closely related than of those in the in-group

parsimony - CORRECT ANSWER: the simplest explanation is the best (fewest

evolutionary transitions) A-->B-->C = common A-->B-->A = uncommon

Phenetics - CORRECT ANSWER: Grouping is based on phenotypic similarity

Phenotypic (3 examples) - CORRECT ANSWER: isolation

energy stores hydration

phylogeny - CORRECT ANSWER: pattern of lineage produced by speciation

Phylogeny depends on? - CORRECT ANSWER: The gene

plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER: ability of one genotype to produce more than one

phenotype when exposed to different environments

Random processes can...? - CORRECT ANSWER: Spread neutral alleles or eliminate

beneficial alleles

Species - CORRECT ANSWER: group that shares specific properties

Stress is any environmental factor that impairs performance. (5 examples) - CORRECT

ANSWER: pH

light pressure moisture temperature

• / 4