Bio-251 Midterm Review Ch 1-5 Actual Exam

Bio-251 Midterm Review (Ch 1-5) Actual Exam Latest Update - 150 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

1. Chemical level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: The most basic.

Contains atoms:

C (calcium), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), Ca (calcium), S (sulfur) are essential for maintaining life.

And molecules such as DNA and glucose

• Cellular level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: Molecules combine to form the

basic structural and functional units of an organism that are composed of chemicals.The smallest living units in the human body.

Ex: muscle, nerve, epithelial

3. Tissue level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: Groups of cells that work

together to perform a particular function. There are four basic types:

• Epithelial- covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and cavities, forms glands

• Connective- connects, supports, protects body organs while distributing blood

vessels

• Muscular- contracts to make body parts move, generates heat

• Nervous- carries information from one part of the body to another through nerve

impulses

• Organ level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: Structures that are composed of

two or more different types of tissues that have specific functions and recognizable shapes.

Ex: stomach, skin, bones, heart, liver, lungs, brain

5. System level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: Related organs with a common

function.

Ex: digestive- breaks down and absorbs food.

6. Organismal level of organization - CORRECT ANSWER: All parts of the body

functioning together, any living individual. 1 / 2

Abdominal Cavity - CORRECT ANSWER: Contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, most of large intestine.

Adipocytes - CORRECT ANSWER: Also called fat cells, connective tissue cells that store triglycerides.

*found deep to the skin and around organs such as the heart and kidneys*

Anatomical Position - CORRECT ANSWER: To stand erect with arms at the sides and

palms of the hands turned forward

Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER: The study of body STRUCTURE and the

relationships among them

Anterior (Ventral) - CORRECT ANSWER: Near to or at the front of the body

Ex: sternum; heart

Appendicular Portion - CORRECT ANSWER: Arms, legs

Axial Portion - CORRECT ANSWER: Head, neck, trunk

Basic Shapes of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER: *cuboidal*- cubed shape

*columnar*- rectangle or column shaped *squamous*- flattened or squashed

Body Cavities - CORRECT ANSWER: Spaces within the body that help protect,

separate, and support internal organs

Cardiac muscle tissue - CORRECT ANSWER: Branched, striated fibers with one

centrally located nucleus.Attach end to end by intercalated discs. Desmosomes strengthen tissue and hold fibers together during vigorous contractions. Gap junctions provide route for quick conduction of muscle action potentials. Involuntary (not conscious) control.

Pumps blood to all parts of body.

*Heart wall*

Centrosome - CORRECT ANSWER: Pair of centrioles plus pericentriolar materal.

Contains tubules which are used for growth of mitosis spindle and microtubule formation.

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