BIO 253 PRACTICAL 1 HONDROS

BIO 253 PRACTICAL 1 HONDROS

ACTUAL EXAM GRADED A

Pons definition - ANSWER✅✅Connects and carries messages between the cerebellum and the cerebrum. Responsible for eye and facial movements, facial sensation, and allows sound to move from ear to brain.Pons location - ANSWER✅✅ Medulla Oblongata definition - ANSWER✅✅Regulates involuntary motion - Heartbeat, breathing, swallowing and tongue movement.Medulla Oblongata location - ANSWER✅✅ Spinal Cord location - ANSWER✅✅ Spinal Cord definition - ANSWER✅✅connects the brain to the rest of the body, carries messages Cerebrum - ANSWER✅✅Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body Cerebrum location - ANSWER✅✅ olfactory bulbs - ANSWER✅✅Area of the brain that processes information about smell; one bulb in each hemisphere optic chiasm - ANSWER✅✅point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain pineal gland - ANSWER✅✅the gland that plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism Thalmus - ANSWER✅✅- Relay station for sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex -Memory Processing corpus collosum - ANSWER✅✅ Mitosis - ANSWER✅✅A four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell.Prophase - ANSWER✅✅The first and longest stage of mitosis. In this stage the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. 1 / 2

Prometaphase - ANSWER✅✅Prometaphase is the second phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells. During prometaphase, the physical barrier that encloses the nucleus, called the nuclear envelope, breaks down.Metaphase - ANSWER✅✅The second stage of mitosis. In this stage the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere.Anaphase - ANSWER✅✅The third stage of mitosis. In this stage the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart.Telophase - ANSWER✅✅The fourth and last stage of mitosis. During this stage the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear.Cytokinesis - ANSWER✅✅The process that follows the last stage of mitosis. With two complete copies of the DNA now in two different regions of one cell, the cell membrane will pinch and divide the cytoplasm in half. The result is two individual cells that are identical to the original cell. Each of the two new cells have a complete copy of the DNA and contain all of the organelles that the original cell had.Epidermis - ANSWER✅✅the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone Stratum corneum - ANSWER✅✅most superficial layer of the epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment Melanocyte - ANSWER✅✅cells that produce the pigment, melanin Basal cell - ANSWER✅✅cuboidal-shaped stem cell that is a precursor of the keratinocytes of the epidermis Sebaceous gland - ANSWER✅✅produces and secretes an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair.Adipocyte - ANSWER✅✅fat cells Free nerve ending - ANSWER✅✅is an unspecialized, afferent nerve fiber ending of a sensory neuron Blood vessels - ANSWER✅✅ Dermis - ANSWER✅✅contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands Hypodermis - ANSWER✅✅deeper subcutaneous tissue; is made of fat and connective tissue Muscle layer - ANSWER✅✅

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