Biology Proctored Exam Penn Foster Latest

Biology Proctored Exam Penn Foster Latest Updated - ual Exam 300+ Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

Annelids (phylum Annelida) - CORRECT ANSWER: segmented worms are organisms

with highly pronounced segmentation as well as bilateral symmetry septa: divide the well developed, fluid-filled coelom, which functions to facilitate movement -brain connected to a ventral nerve cord

ex: earthworms leeches

Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda) - CORRECT ANSWER: Jointed appendages: hollow tubes moved by muscles, become adapted to means of locomotion, food gathering and reproduction

Exoskeleton: composed of chitin, strong, flexible, nitrogenous polysaccaride

Segmentation: repeating units of the body

Well-developed nervous system: have a brain and a ventral nerve cord

ex: crustaceCORRECT ANSWER: marine animals= shrimp, lobster, crabs ex: arachnids: land arthropods= spiders, scorpion, ticks ex: insects: 6 legs and 1 or 2 pairs of wings= beetle, bees, butterfly

Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER: Broken down to glucose to provide energy.

Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER: A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

Characteristics of a less-developed country - CORRECT ANSWER: - Low GDP per

capita

• High levels of poverty
• Dependence on agriculture and the export of primary products
• Highers rates of population growth
• Low levels of productivity
• High levels of unemployment

Characteristics of a more-developed country - CORRECT ANSWER: - High standard of living

• High GDP per captia
• Advanced public transportation
• Low poverty
• Low number of homelessness
• High quality of education
• Advanced Military and security
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Characteristics of living things - CORRECT ANSWER: -All are composed of cells

-All obtain energy and use it to develop -Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to change -Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their environment

Chordates (phylum Chordata) - CORRECT ANSWER: Divided into invertebrates and

vertebrates. Include bilaterally symmetrical animals that have a backbone composed of cartilage or bone

supporting rod (notochord): long stiff tissue that supports the body

Dorsal tubular nerve cord: provides framework from which the nervous system develops

Pharyngeal pouches: serve functions related to feeding or respiration

Tail: Formed in embryos and extending past the anus

Define the types of locomotion - CORRECT ANSWER: Ciliates: hairlike cilia for swimming about to capture food

Amoeboids: use false feet for moving around and capturing prey

RadiolariCORRECT ANSWER: marine amoeboids that form calcium carbonate shells

Zooflagellates: move about by means of long slender extensions called flagella

SporzoCORRECT ANSWER: Aren't mobile or capable of self propulsion

Describe a basic enzymatic reaction: - CORRECT ANSWER: S+E= P+E

E represents the enzyme catalyzing the reaction S is the substance being changed P is the product of the reaction

Describe abiotic factors that influence population growth - CORRECT ANSWER:

include natural disasters such as flash floods and volcanic eruptions

• may radically reduce population but population destiny doesn't affect the proportion of

a population killed

Describe biotic factors that influence population growth - CORRECT ANSWER:

competition: for food supply, breeding resources or other resource grows more intense as population density increases predation: when densities are high, the instances of predation are greater and the mortality rate is much higher

Predator-prey: tend to vary in cycles

Describe the evolution of chrodates: - CORRECT ANSWER: The earliest chordates were all marine animals. As chordates continued to evolve, they spread to freshwater habitats and to land. The amphibians represent an intermediate phase in the water to the land transition of chordates. The evolution of birds further increases the disturbed of chordates by expanding their populations into sky habitats.

Describe the factors that are necessary for natural selection to occur: - CORRECT ANSWER: - Population members exhibit differences that are heritable 2 / 3

• Population members produce more offspring than can be supported by the

environmental resources

• Competition exists between population members for limited resources and results in

increased survival and reproduction of better adapted individuals

• Through many generations, a greater portion of the popopulation exhibits adaptions to

the environment and thus the population as a whole evolves

Describe the fucntion of the digestive system: - CORRECT ANSWER: -Ingesting food -Break down of food into smaller molecules that can be transported

• Absorbing nutrient molecules
• Eliminating indigestible materials

Mouth: entrance to the system where food is moistened and chewed

Pharynx: short and wide space that serves as a passageway for food and air

Esophagus: extends from the pahrnyx to the stomach

Stomach: secretes acid and enzymes that digest food

• serves as temporary storage for food

Small intestine: receives the chyme from the stomach

Duodenum: receives bile from the liver and digestive enzymes from the pancreas

Large intestine: absorbs water, salts and vitamins

Pancreas: produces insulin

Describe the function of the respiratory system - CORRECT ANSWER: respiration is the process by which animals move oxygen into the blood and rid the body of the accumulated carbon dioxide wastes

upper respiratory tract:

nasal cavities: canals separated by a septum of bone and cartilage

Sinuses: act as resonating chambers for speaking and singing

Pharynx: passageway that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx

larynx: vocal cords-voice box

lower respiratory tact:

trachea: windpipe, tube connecting larynx to the bronchi

bronchi: which enter the left and right lungs

Lungs: pair of respiratory organs situated on each side of the heart

Diaphragm: Sits at base of the chest and separates the abdomen from the chest

-contracts and flattens when you inhale -when you exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and air is pushed out the lungs

Alveoli: Tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

Describe the function of the urinary system - CORRECT ANSWER: - excretion of

nitrogenous wastes

• maintenance of the water-salt balance of the blood
• maintenance of the acid-base balance of the blood

Kidneys: help filter blood, help the body pass waste as urine

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