BKAT Exam Newest 2026-2027 BKAT Exam Preparation

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BKAT Exam Newest 2026-2027/ BKAT Exam Preparation/ BKAT Exam Practice Exam With 150 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+|Brand New Version!!

What does CVP measure? Why is it important? - ANSWER-Direct measurement of the blood pressure in the right atrium and vena cava. It reflects ventricular preload and predicts fluid responsiveness, right ventricular infarction, right heart failure and cor pulmonale, tamponade, tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis, complete heart block, and constrictive pericarditis. PEEP > 10 increases CVP due to positive inspiratory pressure exerted.

What does PAWP measure? Why is it important? - ANSWER-Occurs when balloon is wedged and reflects left ventricular pressure. Directly measure pulmonary artery pressure. If there are left ventricular dysfunctions, such as with a myocardial infarct or cardiomyopathy, a low cardiac output may exist.

Situations when PAWP > LVEDP - ANSWER-Mitral stenosis, atrial myxoma, pulmonary venous obstruction (e.g. fibrosis, vasculitis), L to R shunt, COPD

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Situations when PAWP < LVEDP - ANSWER-Left ventricular failure, raised intra-thoracic pressure (high PEEP), non-compliant left ventricle (e.g. hypertensive cardiomyopathy), aortic regurgitation

CLABSI prevention - ANSWER-Hand hygiene, chlorhexidine skin prep, full-barrier precautions (mask, patient head turned away), avoid femoral vein, take out catheters as soon as possible, daily assessment of catheters

Normal ABGs - ANSWER-pH: 7.35 - 7.45

PaCO2: 35 - 45

HCO3: 22 - 26

SaO2: 95 - 100

PaCO2: 80 - 100

Normal vacuum pressure for suctioning - ANSWER--20 mm Hg, low intermittent suctioning best, 120-140

Biphasic settings for defibrillation - ANSWER-150 J

Goals when responding to ventilator alarm - ANSWER-Always check patient first.

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Possible causes of high pressure ventilator alarms - ANSWER-Water in vent circuit, Coughing, Kinking or biting of endotube, Secretions in the airway, Bronchospasm, Tension pneumothorax

Possible causes of low pressure ventilator alarms - ANSWER-Indicate that either the ventilator did not reach the pressure it expected or that some of the air it delivered was not exhaled back into the tubing for measurement. Look for disconnected tubing or an air leak. The most common places for leaks are around the ET tube cuff, poorly secured connections, and drainage and access ports on the tubing.

Verify ET tube placement? - ANSWER-At the lip. Needs to be verified with a CXR.

ET tube problems - ANSWER-Check cuff pressure (20-30 cm H20) - higher can cause necrosis. RT to evaluate cuff leak. Reposition to minimize skin breakdown. Change tubing every 24 hours. DO NOT exceed 120-140 when suctioning.

VAP prevention - ANSWER-HOB > 30, sedation reduction, weaning, DVT prophyalxis, oral cares, hand hygiene

Complications of chest trauma to lungs - ANSWER-Pneumothorax, PE, pleural effusion, ARDS

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