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BROUGHT TO YOU BY
HYPERTENSION
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HYPERTENSION (HTN)
RISK FACTORS
EDUCATION
• Limit sodium intake • Limit alcohol intake • Smoking cessation • Teach how to measure BP & keep a record • Exercise programs for weight loss if needed SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Usually asymptomatic!
Symptoms (if seen):
• Blurred vision • Headache • Chest pain • Nose bleeds Commonly called the “silent killer” A ACE inhibitors -pril B BETA Blockers -olol C Calcium Channel Blockers -pine -amil D Diuretics D Digoxin
SUFFIXES
ANTIHYPERTENSIVEANTIHYPERTENSIVE
MEDICATION OVERVIEW MEDICATION OVERVIEW
calciumcalcium channelchannel blockersblockers betabeta blockersblockers aceace inhibitorsinhibitors diureticsdiuretics digoxindigoxin A b c D D → Place stethoscope over brachial artery → Patients should not smoke, exercise, etc.within 30 minutes of having their BP checked (could lead to infl ated BP)
→ Instruct the client to:
• Sit in a chair with legs uncrossed • Arm at q level • Correct size cuff → No BPs should be
auscultated in arms with:
• Mastectomy
- HX of AV shunt
- Blood clots
- PICC lines/central lines
CHECKINGCHECKING
BLOOD PRESSURE BLOOD PRESSURE
Too small = false high BP Too large = false low BP HYPERtension = HIGH BP affected organs congestive heart failure (chf) Overworking of the heart muscle (ventricle enlarges) stroke Weak & narrow vessels could lead to rupture of vessels renal failure Too much blood fl owing to the kidneys at a fast rate & high pressure visual changes Damages blood vessels in the retina (blurred vision, can’t focus on objects) Most accurate diagnosis for HTN Normal Pre-htn hypotension Stage 1 htn Stage 2 htn HTN crisis
120 - 139
< 100
80 - 89
< 60
140 - 15990 - 99
> 160 > 100 > 180 > 120 < 120 < 80 categories Systolic (Squeeze) Diastolic (Decompress) • Cause is unknown • Not curable, only controllable Family HXF advanced ageA obesityO restricted activityR too much caffeineT sleep apneaS Primary HTN
MOSTMOST
COMMONCOMMON
↑ cholesterolC smokingS intake of Na/ETOHI Race (African Americans)R Low k+ & vitamin D levelsK Also called essential or idiopathic HTN secondary HTN Has a direct cause / preexisting condition • Chronic kidney disease • Diabetes • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism • Cushing syndrome • Pregnancy • Certain drugs (oral contraceptives) © 2021 NurseInTheMaking LLC. Sharing and distributing this copyrighted material without permission is illegal.
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