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Corticosteroids
By: Muhammad Aurangzeb
Lecturer-INS/KMU
Objectives
By the completion of this section the learners will be able to:
•Discuss the action, indication, side effects and contraindication of exogenous corticosteroids.•Discuss the action, indication, side effects and contraindication of exogenous androgen therapy.•Discuss the consequences of abusing anabolic steroids.•Identify few names of anabolic steroids.•Calculate drug dosage accurately.
Adrenal glands •The adrenal gland consists of the cortex and the medulla.•The medulla secretes catecholamines, whereas the cortex, secretes two types of corticosteroids •The adrenal cortex has three zones, and each zone synthesizes a different type of steroid hormone from cholesterol.•The outer zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids- aldosterone) •The middle zona fasciculata synthesizes glucocorticoids-cortisol •The inner zona reticularis secretes adrenal androgens.•Secretion is controlled by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; also called corticotropin), which is released in response to hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).•Glucocorticoids serve as feedback inhibitors of ACTH and CRH secretion.
Corticosteroids •Betamethasone (Celestone) •Cortisone (Cortone) •Dexamethasone (Decadron) •Hydrocortisone (Cortef) •Methylprednisolone (Medrol) •Prednisolone (Prelone) •Prednisone (Deltasone) •Triamcinolone (Kenacort, Kenalog)
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