C458 (WGU 2023 Version)

C458 (WGU 2023 Version)

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WGU C458

76 terms micayle_hansen Preview WGU C Teacher Hel Which immune system structure is the site where white blood cells gain the ability to chemically identify foreign agents?Thymus Gland (see Unit 1: Module 1: endocrine system, one of the 8 major glands) Which body system forms a protective barrier?(Integumentary system, central nervous system, or both) Integumentary System (see Unit 1: Module 1: Integumentary System) Which body system regulates body temperature?(Integumentary system, central nervous system, or both) Both! (see Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System and Integumentary System) Which body system controls blood pressure?(Integumentary system, central nervous system, or both) Central Nervous System (see Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System) Which body system regulates thirst and hunger?(Integumentary system, central nervous system, or both) Central Nervous System (see Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System) Which body system regulates muscle coordination?(Integumentary system, central nervous system, or both) Central Nervous System (see Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System)

Muscular System: this muscle moves all bones and

controls facial expressions and eye movements. What is the name of this muscle type? (Striated Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle) Striated Muscle.

Aka: Skeletal Muscle.

There are straight lines visible on this muscle when viewed under a microscope.(See Unit 1: Module 1: Muscular System)

Muscular System: this muscle lines the walls of internal

organs. What is the name of this muscle type? (Striated Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle) Smooth Muscle.

Aka: Visceral Muscle.

Ex: intestines

(See Unit 1: Module 1: Muscular System)

Muscular System: this muscle is a combination of both the

striated and smooth muscles. What is the name of this muscle type? (Striated Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle) Cardiac Muscle.Located only in the heart.(See Unit 1: Module 1: Muscular System) This body system receives sensory input, sends signals to the brain, regulates homeostasis, and communicates throughout the body for movement. What is the name of this body system?The Nervous System

Aka: the "control center"

See Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System There are two types of systems within the nervous system, what is the name of the system that consists of nerves inside the brain and spinal cord that send signals to other parts of the body?The Central Nervous System

Think: Brain and Spine

See Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System There are two types of systems within the nervous system, what is the name of the system that consists of nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord that send signals to other parts of the body??The Peripheral Nervous System

Think: NOT brain and spine.

Ex: eyes, ears, nose, mouth.

See Unit 1: Module 1: Nervous System This body system works with the cardiovascular system to provide oxygen to cells and to remove waste products.The Respiratory System

Includes the:

-lungs (primary organ) -alveoli: tiny air sacs in the lungs that transfer carbon dioxide out of the body.-passage ways for airflow -upper tracts -nose -pharynx (throat) -larynx (voice box) -lower tracts -trachea (windpipe) -bronchial tree -lungs -blood vessels -muscles See: Unit 1: Module 1: Respiratory System This body system transports a constant supply of nutrients and oxygen to body cells through the flow of blood.The Cardiovascular System Capillaries deliver oxygen to organs.Veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.Circulation is the primary function.See: Unit 1: Module 1: Cardiovascular System

This body system processed food into molecules that can be absorbed and used by the cells of the body.The Digestive System Includes the digestive tract and it’s accessory organs.

Accessory organs:

-salivary glands (lubricate food, start carb breakdown) -liver (metabolizes macronutrients, makes bile, detox body) -gallbladder (stores bile that helps with digestion) -pancreas (secretes enzymes and hormones-like insulin) See: Unit 1: Module 1: Digestive System What are the four functions of the digestive system?

**Hint: I-D-A-E

• Ingestion

-food enter mouth to esophagus

• Digestion

-stomach liquifies food

• Absorption

-small intestine absorbs nutrients

• large intestine preps undigested food into poop
• Elimination

-poop passes large intestine to rectum for storage -food exits through anus See Unit 1: Module 1: Digestive Systems Which body system balances the fluids in your body by stimulating thirst and producing, storing, and eliminating urine?The Urinary System

Aka: Renal System

Organs:

-Kidneys (main organs) -filter waste from blood stream -Ureter -connected to each kidney

-urine flows: kidney>ureter>urinary bladder

-Bladder -temp holding tank -Urethra -urine travels through urethra and exits body

-female: 1-2” long

-male: ~8” long

See: Unit 1: Module 1: Urinary System Which body system produces, stores, and carries white blood cells (leukocytes) around the body?The Immune System

Aka: Lymphatic System

Creates inflammatory response See: Unit 1: Module 1: Immune System Inside the Immune System, white blood cells find and destroy bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and foreign substances. What lies on the surface of the bacteria, etc?Antigen -causes the body to activate an inflammatory response.See: Unit 1: Module 1: Immune System

Antigens cause the body to activate an Inflammatory Response. What are the symptoms of an Inflammatory Response?Swelling Pain Redness Elevated Temperatures

Protect the body against invaders:

-lymph -lymph nodes -bone marrow -tonsils -adenoids -spleen -thymus gland See: Unit 1: Module 1: Immune System This body system means “covering”. It protects from the environment and helps maintain body temperature.The Integumentary System (Hair, skin, nails) -Skin -protects from the environment -encloses (protects nerve fibers.. send messages of pain etc to the brain) -lubrication -sebum gland (oily, keeps skin moist) -sweat (watery, protects from over-heating) -body temp -Hair -provides insulation to keep body warm -Nails -made of keratin & protect fingers/toes from injury See Unit 1: Module 1: Integumentary System This body system keeps the body in a state of homeostasis. *sends chemical messages* The Endocrine System

(Think: Hormones)

Eight Major Glands:

-pineal -pituitary -thyroid -thymus -adrenals -pancreas -ovaries (female) -testes (male) See: Unit 1: Module 1: Endocrine System What is the difference between the endocrine and nervous systems?

Both: information signal systems.

Endocrine: sends chemical messages called hormones.

Nervous: uses electrical impulses to send messages.

See: Unit 1: Module 1: Endocrine System