CERTIFIED EMERGENCY NURSE EXAM NEWEST

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CERTIFIED EMERGENCY NURSE EXAM NEWEST

QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+|| NEW!!

Beta blockers are used to - ANSWER - lower blood pressure and heart rate; decrease myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure

Do not use beta blockers in patients with - ANSWER - hypotension, bradycardia, asthma, or recent cocaine use

Commonly used beta blockers - ANSWER - atenolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, labetalol, metoprolol

Calcium channel blockers are used to - ANSWER - treat hypertension and dysrhythmias, restrict the regular flow of calcium into the heart and blood vessels, reduce the workload of the heart and oxygenation need

Commonly used calcium channel blockers are - ANSWER - amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine, verapamil

Vasopressors are used to - ANSWER - treat hypotension, cause constriction of blood vessels, increase MAP

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pg. 2 Commonly used vasopressors are - ANSWER - epinephrine, dobutamine, dopamine, norepinephrine

Do not use diuretics in patients with - ANSWER - kidney failure, dehydration, pregnancy, hypotension, gout, hypokalemia

NSTEMI includes ST depression which reflects - ANSWER - ischemia resulting from a partial blockage of the coronary artery

STEMI indicates - ANSWER - complete occlusion of a coronary artery

STEMI EKG findings - ANSWER - ST elevation of 1mm in 2 or more leads, or a new left bundle branch block

Medications contraindicated during the acute phase of an MI (STEMI) include - ANSWER - NSAIDs

An aortic dissection is - ANSWER - a tear in the innermost layer of the aorta allowing blood to enter the aortic media and causing reduced blood flow through the vessels

Aortic dissection signs and symptoms - ANSWER - acute onset of severe sharp, ripping, or tearing pain in the chest and/or abdomen; blood pressure difference of 20 mmHg between left and right arms; weak, unequal pulses; anxiety; deviated trachea

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pg. 3 Epinephrine dose during cardiac arrest - ANSWER - 1 mg every 3 to 5 minutes

Amiodarone and lidocaine are the 2 anti-dysrhythmics preferred for - ANSWER - shock-refractory V-fib or pulseless V-tach

V-fib treatment - ANSWER - CPR, defibrillation

For shock-refractory V-fib (V-fib that is unresponsive to shocks) - ANSWER - Administer amiodarone

V-tach with pulse treatment - ANSWER - amiodarone

Supraventricular tachycardia is - ANSWER - an umbrella term for rhythms that are more than 150 bpm because the heart is beating so fast it is impossible to determine the actual underlying rhythm.

Treatment for stable supraventricular tachycardia - ANSWER - vagal maneuver, adenosine

Treatment for unstable supraventricular tachycardia - ANSWER - synchronized cardioversion

Myocarditis diagnostic findings - ANSWER - elevated WBC, elevated CK-MB and trop, elevated ESR 3 / 4

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pg. 4 Myocarditis treatment - ANSWER - antibiotics; ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, or diuretics; steroids

Pericarditis diagnostic findings - ANSWER - elevated troponin, WBC, ESR, CRP; ST elevation in all leads except AVR and V1; tall, peaked T waves; chest x-ray with "water bottle" silhouette

Endocarditis signs and symptoms - ANSWER - Janeway lesions, Osler's nodes, Roth's spots

Left-sided heart failure symptoms - ANSWER - dyspnea and cough, crackles; cough with frothy sputum, hemoptysis; left-sided S3 sound, oliguria

Right-sided heart failure symptoms - ANSWER - related to systemic circulation; edema; JVD; dependent edema in lower legs; hepatomegaly; ascites; right-sided S3 sound; weight gain; nocturia

Heart failure diagnostic test findings - ANSWER - BNP is main laboratory value to measure, more than 100 pg/mL is heart failure; hypokalemia, hyponatremia

First-line hypertension drugs - ANSWER - labetalol, hydralazine, clonidine, metoprolol

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