Chapter 01: The History of Health Care in Canada

Chapter 01: The History of Health Care in Canada

Thompson: Health and Health Care Delivery in Canada, 3rd Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• When and where was Canada’s first medical school established?
• Saskatoon, in 1868
• Ottawa, in 1867
• Montreal, in 1825
• Kingston, in 1855

ANS: C

Feedback

A Incorrect: The first medical school was not established in Saskatoon in 1868.

B Incorrect: The first medical school was not established in Ottawa in 1867.

C Correct: The first medical school in Canada was established in 1825 in Montreal.

D Incorrect: The first medical school was not established in Kingston in 1855.

PTS: 1

• In 1834, William Kelly deduced which public health principle?
• Vaccination can successfully eradicate smallpox.
• Education is directly related to health.
• Quarantine effectively contains infections.
• Sanitation and disease are related.

ANS: D

Feedback A Incorrect: William Kelly did not deduce that smallpox could be eliminated with a vaccine.

B Incorrect: William Kelly did not deduce that education level was related to

health.

C Incorrect: William Kelly did not introduce quarantine to contain disease.

D Correct: William Kelly suspected a relationship between sanitation and disease and deduced that water might be a source of contamination.

PTS: 1

• Which of the following volunteer organizations was involved in the evolution of health care

in Canada?

• The Order of St. John
• The Veterans Society
• The St. Andrew’s Society
• The Canadian Nurses Association

ANS: A

(Test Bank) 1 / 4

Feedback

A Correct: The Order of St. John was introduced in Canada in 1883; the members

had knowledge of first aid, disaster relief, and home nursing.B Incorrect: The Veterans Society did not play a part in the evolution of health care in Canada.C Incorrect: The St. Andrew’s Society did not play a part in the evolution of health care in Canada.

D Incorrect: The Canadian Nurses Association did not play a part in the early

evolution of health care in Canada.

PTS: 1

• What did the Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act (1957) propose?
• Provinces without a health insurance plan must pay additional federal tax.
• Provinces and territories with a health insurance plan would receive substantial

funding from the federal government.

• Certain services would no longer be funded by the federal government.
• Physicians would be allowed to charge a fee for service to the client.

ANS: B

Feedback

A Incorrect: The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act did not propose

an increase in tax for provinces without a plan.

B Correct: Under the Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act (1957),

provinces and territories with a health insurance plan would have funding matched by the federal government by 50 cents for every dollar.

C Incorrect: The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act did not propose

the removal of insured medical services.

D Incorrect: The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act did not allow

physicians to charge a fee for service.

PTS: 1

• What major change in political thinking occurred in post–World War II Canada in relation

to health care?

• Universities should educate more nurses.
• The government should not be required to provide access to primary health care.
• Individual families should be responsible for absorbing the cost of health care.
• Governments should be responsible for providing basic services like health care.

ANS: D

Feedback A Incorrect: The need to educate more nurses was not part of post–World War II thinking in Canada.B Incorrect: The lack of responsibility of the government to provide health care was not part of post–World War II thinking in Canada.C Incorrect: The belief that families should bear the cost of health care was not part of the political thinking in post–World War II Canada. 2 / 4

D Correct: In post–World War II Canada, and in the aftermath of a depression, the thinking shifted to the idea that governments had an obligation to provide Canadians with a better standard of living, including access to quality health care.

PTS: 1

• What important act was passed by the government of Tommy Douglas in Saskatchewan in

1947?

• The Hospital Insurance Act
• The Medical Care Act
• The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act
• The Canada Health Act

ANS: A

Feedback

A Correct: The Hospital Insurance Act was passed by the government of

Saskatchewan, led by Tommy Douglas, in 1947. It guaranteed Saskatchewan residents hospital care in exchange for a modest insurance premium payment.

B Incorrect: The Medical Care Act was not passed in Saskatchewan in 1947.

C Incorrect: The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act was not passed in Saskatchewan in 1947.

D Incorrect: The Canada Health Act was not passed in Saskatchewan in 1947.

PTS: 1

• What important recommendation was embodied in the Hall Report?
• Individuals should take responsibility for some of their health care costs.
• Preventive health measures would be a wise investment.
• Extra billing should not be part of Canada’s health care system.
• Provinces should retain full control as well as financial responsibility for health

care.

ANS: C

Feedback A Incorrect: The Hall Report did not propose that individuals pay for some of their health care costs.

B Incorrect: The Hall Report did not propose that preventive health measures

would be a wise investment.

C Correct: The Hall Report recommended an end to extra billing and suggested

that, instead, doctors be allowed to operate entirely outside of the Medical Care Act.

D Incorrect: The Hall Report did not propose that provinces should retain all

financial responsibility for health care.

PTS: 1

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• Why did the Established Programs Financing (EPF) mechanism of funding become

inadequate for health care?

• The government imposed many corporate tax cuts.
• Health care spending increased dramatically, causing provincial and territorial

overspending.

• The cost of education took up more dollars than had been anticipated.
• The population of Canada increased much faster than was anticipated.

ANS: B

Feedback

A Incorrect: Tax cuts did not cause the inadequacy of funding.

B Correct: In the few years following the introduction of the EPF Act, health care spending continued to increase dramatically, resulting in provincial and territorial overspending and necessitating cuts to health care.C Incorrect: Education cost was not the reason for inadequate health care funds.

D Incorrect: The population increase was not the reason for inadequate funding of health care.

PTS: 1

• Which of the following is a main principle of the Canada Health Act?
• Health insurance should cover 100% of dental care.
• Health insurance should cover all medical services.
• All residents of Canada should be provided with health care.
• Eligible Canadians should receive accessible health care.

ANS: D

Feedback

A Incorrect: Health insurance for dental care was not covered by the Canada

Health Act.

B Incorrect: The Canada Health Act mandated insurance for all medically

necessary services.

C Incorrect: The Canada Health Act sought to provide care for all eligible

Canadians, not every person living here.D Correct: One of the Canada Health Act’s goals was to provide accessible health care to eligible Canadians.

PTS: 1

• Which amendment to the Canada Health Act did the Romanow Report recommend?
• Canadians should pay user fees when they access the health care system.
• Funds for health care should be donated from private sources.
• The criterion of accountability should be added.
• Canadians in less accessible areas should pay a higher insurance premium.

ANS: C

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