Chapter 0Introduction

Chapter 0(Introduction)

• Modern Kinesiology

Describe the tensions that exist in modern -day kinesiology and the role they might play in determining the future of this field.

• History of Kinesiology

The term kinesiology comes from Greek and means " the love of sport."

• True

*b. False

• History of Kinesiology 2

Franklin Henry emphasized which one of the following distinctions when he attempted to elevate the academic visibility of our field?

• philosophy and history
• exercise science a nd the movement humanitie s

*c. the discipline and the profession

• coaching and teaching

• Science and Humanities

C.P. Snow argued that philosophers and others in the humanities respected and understood research in the sciences, but that scientists did not respect or under stand research in the humanities.

• True

*b. False

• Relationships Between Philosophy and History

The authors of the text argued that discoveries in philosophy and history are

*a. potentially complementary

• usually contradictory
• often redundant
• typically unrelated to one another

(History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Activity, 2e Kretchmar, Dyreson, Llewellyn, Gleaves) (Official Complete Test Bank, Correct Answer are marked with*) 1 / 4

• Interdisciplinarity

The authors argue that currently there appears to be a trend in the direction of greater collaboration among researchers in different fields.

*a. True

• False

• Multidisciplinarity

According to the authors, play can be studied

• only by social scientists
• only by historians and philosophers
• only by child psychologists

*d. by many scholars, including chemists and biologists

• Nature of Historical Research

Which of the following best describes research conclusions in history?

*a. They provide a plausible, coherent story.

• They amount to little more than opinions (they are

fatally subjective).

• They are typically speculative (no evi dence is

given for their possible validity).

• They are factual (evidence for their validity is as

solid as any evidence provided by the sciences).

• History and Philosophy Research

How do history and philosophy relate to one another?

• History provides proven facts; phi losophy provides

subjective theories and opinions.

• History has a rigorous methodology; philosophy does

not.*c. History provides a context for philosophic ideas; philosophy expands ideas found in historical settings.

• History is useful only if we w ant to understand the

past; philosophy is useful only if we want to understand the future.

• / 4

Chapter 1(Introduction)

• Health Problems

How did our human ancestors evolve into super -endurance predators, and how do the specific characteristics they developed continue to shape our lives in the world that you inhabit?

• Health Problems 2

Which trait have we inherited from our distant ancestors to our detriment in the contemporary environment we inhabit?

*a. bodies designed to run long distances and appetites designed to consume more calories than we need in the short term to weather inevitabl e food shortages in the longer term

• bodies designed for sedentary living to conserve

energy and appetites designed to limit calories and preserve good health if we eat natural diets

• bodies designed for superior strength and speed

over rival species and appetites designed t o excel in competitive environments

• bodies designed for nocturnal hunting when other

creatures sleep and appetites designed for omnivorous eating

• bodies designed for sport and war and appetites

designed for aggression and d ominance

• Geological Time

In terms of the long span of geological time, how old is the specific species ( Homo sapiens) to which we belong?

• 10,000 to 15,000 years

*b. 150,000 to 200,000 years

• 2 million to 3 million years
• 6 million to 8 million years
• 2 billion to 4 billion years

• Human Evolution

Which of the following is not among the characteristics of super-endurance predators?

• bipedalism
• superior thermo-regulatory capacity 3 / 4

• teamwork and cooperation
• the knowledge to use the evolutionary strengths of

the targets against them *e. superior speed and strength against both prey and competitor species

• Leisure Time

According to studies of hunter -forager cultures, how much did they work to earn a living from thei r environments?

*a. 20 hours per week

• 40 hours per week
• 80 hours per week
• 100 hours per week
• 120 hours per week

• Role of Vision

According to Bernd Heinrich and other scholars of human evolution, what role did "vision" play in creati ng super- endurance predators?

• Vision keeps people on the trail.
• Vision allows people to find water.
• Vision keeps people from running into predators.
• Vision keeps people from running past prey.

*e. Vision allows people to see into the futu re—to see the distant finish line or the end of the hunt.

• Human Evolution 2

The story of human evolution is

• unknown and entirely a matter of speculation

*b. incomplete and likely to be revised

• virtually complete (only a couple of facts nee d to

be tied down)

• complete (due to recent discoveries and new

scientific methods for dating archaeological finds)

• Human Evolution 3

Darwin's theory of adaptation is based on

• natural selection alone
• sexual selection alone
• / 4