Chapter 1: Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Matching

• phylogenetic
• negative

C) H2O

D) H°

E) H – TS

• halobacteria
• open
• entropy
• flux
• polymers

K) G°

• thermophiles
• nitrogen

N positive

• The most abundant molecule in the human body is _____.

Ans: C

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.1.A

Learning objective: The Origin of Life

• During chemical evolution, small organic molecules condense to form more complex

molecules called ______.

Ans: J

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.1.B

Learning objective: The Origin of Life

• Evolutionary relationships can be visualized using a ______ tree.

Ans: A

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.2.C

Learning objective: Cellular Architecture

(Fundamentals of Biochemistry Life at the Molecular Level 5e Donald Voet, Judith Voet, Charlotte Pratt) (Test Bank all Chapters) 1 / 4

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• The organisms most likely to be found in a brine environment would be ______.

Ans: F

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.2.C

Learning objective: Cellular Architecture

• The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be ______.

Ans: L

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.2.C

Learning objective: Cellular Architecture

• The term used to indicate the degree of randomness within a system is ______.

Ans: H

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.3.B

Learning objective: Thermodynamics

• Spontaneous processes are characterized by a change in Gibbs free energy that is ______.

Ans: B

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.3.B

Learning objective: Thermodynamics

• Gibbs free energy is defined as G = ______.

Ans: E

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.3.C

Learning objective: Thermodynamics

• The symbol for free energy under standard biochemical conditions is ______.

Ans: K

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.3.C

Learning objective: Thermodynamics 2 / 4

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• Living creatures can be described thermodynamically as ______ systems.

Ans: G

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.3.E

Learning objective: Thermodynamics

Multiple Choice

• What are the four most abundant elements in a human body?

A) C, N, O, H

B) C, N, O, P

C) C, S, O, H

• C, Na, O, H
• none of the above

Ans: A

Level of Difficulty: Moderate

Section: 1.1.A

Learning objective: The Origin of Life

• The atmosphere of prebiotic earth probably contained the following molecules:
• H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4, and NH3.
• H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and NH3.
• H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and COO

- CH2NH + 3.

• H2O, CO2, CH4, COOHCH2NH3, and NH3.
• none of the above

Ans: A

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.1.A

Learning objective: The Origin of Life 3 / 4

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• In 1953, Urey and Miller carried out an experiment in which they subjected a mixture of

H2O, CH4, NH3, and H2 to electrical discharges. Which of the following were among the products?

• proteins
• amino acids
• nucleic acids
• ribosomes
• all of the above

Ans: B

Level of Difficulty: Easy

Section: 1.1.A

Learning objective: The Origin of Life

• Which of the following statements about hydrothermal vents is true?
• The vents have temperatures as high as 800°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
• The vents have temperatures as high as 600°C and emit H2S and metal nitrates.
• The vents have temperatures as high as 400°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
• none of the above
• all of the above

Ans: C

Level of Difficulty: Moderate

Section: 1.1.A

Learning objective: The Origin of Life

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