CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH: THE WHYS AND HOWS OF THE

The Process of Research in Psychology, 4e Dawn M.McBride (Test Bank All Chapters)

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McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Test Bank

CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH: THE WHYS AND HOWS OF THE

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Multiple Choice

• The empiricism canon of the scientific method states that new knowledge is gained

from ______.

• authority figures
• observations
• intuition
• logic

Ans: B

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Empiricism

Difficulty Level: Easy

• The parsimony canon of the scientific method states that ______.
• the simplest explanation of a phenomenon is most likely to be correct
• observation is the best way of gaining new knowledge
• phenomena have observable causes
• explanations of phenomena should be able to be falsified if they are incorrect

Ans: A

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parsimony

Difficulty Level: Easy

• The determinism canon of the scientific method states that ______.
• the simplest explanation of a phenomenon is most likely to be correct
• observation is the best way of gaining new knowledge
• phenomena have observable causes
• explanations of phenomena should be able to be falsified if they are incorrect

Ans: C

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Determinism

Difficulty Level: Easy

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McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020

• The testability canon of the scientific method states that ______.
• the simplest explanation of a phenomenon is most likely to be correct
• observation is the best way of gaining new knowledge
• phenomena have observable causes
• explanations of phenomena should be able to be falsified if they are incorrect

Ans: D

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Testability

Difficulty Level: Easy

• External validity is typically more important for ______ research than for ______

research.

• scientific; non-scientific
• non-scientific; scientific
• basic; applied
• applied; basic

Ans: D

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Basic and Applied Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

• External validity is ______.
• a type of research conducted in psychology
• the degree to which a study’s results can be generalized to individuals and situations

outside of the study

• the degree to which a study provides a good test of a causal prediction
• the degree to which the study accurately predicts results

Ans: B

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Basic and Applied Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

• The scientific method involves gaining new knowledge through ______.
• deduction

B intuition

• authority
• observation

Ans: D

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand what it means to learn about behavior through observation 3 / 4

McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Psychologists Use the Scientific Method

Difficulty Level: Easy

• Deciding that it must be raining because the weather person said it would rain today

is an example of the ______ method of knowing?

• intuition
• authority
• observation
• deduction

Ans: B

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Evaluate research in terms of the basic–applied distinction REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Why Psychologists Conduct Research

Difficulty Level: Medium

• Deciding it must be raining because you look out the window and see rain falling is an

example of the ______ method of knowing?

• intuition
• authority
• observation
• deduction

Ans: C

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Evaluate research in terms of the basic–applied distinction REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Why Psychologists Conduct Research

Difficulty Level: Medium

• Deciding it must be raining because you felt it would rain today is an example of the

______ method of knowing?

• intuition
• authority
• observation
• deduction

Ans: A

KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Evaluate research in terms of the basic–applied distinction REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Why Psychologists Conduct Research

Difficulty Level: Medium

• Deciding it must be raining because you hear thunder is an example of the ______

method of knowing?

• intuition
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