Chapter 1 Test Bank in Word for 9e

Chapter 1 Test Bank in Word for 9e Single-Select Multiple Choice Question Answer A B C D A custom, practice, or organization, often embedded in rule of law, is

called:

b A policy An institution A legal procedure A rule The rule of an elite few for their own interests.d Monarchy Polis Democracy Oligarchy According to Plato, who should rule a properly constituted polis?a A philosopher-king A political science- king The few wisest citizens None of the above Which of these statements accurately defines a type of government according to Aristotle’s typology b Aristocracy is a government organized around a few men who are primarily motivated by their narrow private and class interests Democracy is a government organized around many men who are primarily motivated by the broad public interest Tyranny is any

government that is oppressive to the people All of the above Before it was an empire, what was ancient Rome?c It was always an empire It was a democracy It was a republic It was a polity Which theorists made the first and most influential efforts to explain how mixed governments can work in practice?a Polybius and Cicero Socrates and Plato St. Augustine and St.Thomas Aquinas Thomas Hobbes and John Locke According to the Pro and Con Box in Chapter 1, which of the following was not a characteristic of the “Athenian democracy?” b The people met in the Assembly to discuss and decide major issues A deep respect for the individual rights

and liberties of all city residents Slaves and resident aliens (three-fifths of the population) were denied citizenship All citizens were given one vote in the Assembly American Government Political Development and Institutional Change, 9e Cal Jillson (Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) 1 / 4

2

What is the temporal world? c The world of the sacred The world of the politically powerful The world of peoples and nations and human history The otherworldly Who wrote that, without an all- powerful monarch, human beings will fall into a war of all against all in which life is “solitary, nasty, brutish, and short.” c Niccolò Machiavelli John Calvin Thomas Hobbes John Locke Who was the founder of the Protestant Reformation?c Martin Luther King, Jr.Thomas Hobbes Martin Luther John Winthrop In addition to social contract theory, what are two other concepts taken from classical liberalism which influenced the Founding generation?c Nothing else was taken Divine right monarchy and the Common Law Separation of powers and free markets Unlimited, immoderate constitutional regime Who were the Pilgrims? b Wealthy English Puritans who settled in the South in order to avoid religious persecution in the home country Middling English Puritans who settled in New England in order to avoid religious persecution in the home country Wealthy English Anglicans who settled in the South in order to develop it economically Middling English Anglicans who settled in the Mid-Atlantic in order to develop it economically and in some cases to avoid religious persecution in the home country In the population of the American colonies in 1765, which ethnic group was the largest?a The English The Irish The Germans The Dutch What drove the idea behind the notion that the Americans had “space” for dissent?d The orthodox did not feel the need to destroy the unorthodox Banishment was an accepted form of punishment The vastness of the land allowed for pockets of acceptability interspersed between places of orthodoxy All of the above 2 / 4

3

What was political participation like in the early colonies?a It was very democratic in nature It was oligarchic but still modestly democratic in nature It was oligarchic and hence not very democratic at all in nature It was aristocratic and hence not very democratic at all in nature Which of the statements below accurately describes differences between the populations in British colonies and those in French Canadian colonies?c The British colonials were more heterogeneous regarding religion, language, ethnicity but were fewer in numbers overall The British colonials were less heterogeneous regarding religion, language, and ethnicity and were larger in numbers overall The British colonials were more heterogeneous regarding religion, language, and ethnicity and were larger in numbers overall None of the above To what area of social life did Adam Smith most extensively apply the principles of classical liberalism?c Law Government and politics The economy Culture Which Enlightenment thinker argued the earliest and most influentially that science and discovery worked for the eternal benefit of society?d Hobbes Machiavelli Montesquieu Bacon How did St. Augustine and St.Thomas Aquinas differ from the ancients and how did this impact the Founding generation?a They privileged the role of the sacred over the secular and this served as a negative example for the Founding generation They privileged the role of the secular over the sacred and this served as a positive example for the Founding generation They privileged the role of the national over sub-national governments and this served as a positive example for the Founding generation They privileged the role of the sub-national over the national government and this served as a negative example for the Founding generation When did the concept of individualism find its brightest moment and what form did it take?c At the Constitutional Convention and in the form of separation of powers At the Magna Carta and in the form of the Barony At the American Revolution and in the form of the idea that freedom has its own order and structure At the English Revolution and in the form of religious tolerance 3 / 4

4 What lesson did the Founding Fathers learn from Polybius and Cicero?b Mixed constitutions should be avoided Mixed constitutions should be embraced because they balance the interests of the rich and the poor Mixed constitutions should be embraced because they serve the interests of the middle classes Mixed constitutions should be avoided because monarchy is clearly the best way to govern a republic Who normally rules in aristocracies and oligarchies?b The poor The rich The middle class None of the above How does the textbook author define the word “institution?” c A place where official government business is conducted The formal and informal rules that set the parameters within which “the game of politics” is played A custom, practice, or organization, usually embedded in rules and law, that defines and structures social and political activity None of the above What is meant by American political development (APD)?a The study of development and change in American political processes, institutions, and policies over time The study of America’s democratic development in comparison to the development of other democracies around the world The thesis that American government has become much more political over time, thus reducing its capacity to solve the problems that affect the lives of ordinary Americans None of the above What did the ancients mean by “democracy?” b They thought it was equivalent to “mob rule” Rule by the people in the interest of the entire community Rule by the people in their own self-interest They thought it was equivalent to “free government” What is meant by “classical republicanism?” c A mixed state in which monarchical, aristocratic, and democratic principles are combined A form of popular government that relies on elected representatives instead of direct democratic governance A set of ideas that emphasizes concern for the common good over the self-interest of individuals A set of ideas that emphasizes the importance of limited government and individual rights

• / 4