Chapters 1 - 9 most important exam

summary How the Immune System Works Sompayrac 7th edition 2022 9781119890683 Summary How the Immune System Works Lauren M. Sompayrac

9781119890683 

7 th edition 2022 Chapters 1 - 9 (most important exam)

• 75 common test bank questions and answers
• 50 core concepts explained briefly and alphabetically
• 7 weblinks you need to know
• Specific exam hacks
• most important visuals included

Ive made most imporant things for the exam green or yellow 1 / 4

summary How the Immune System Works Sompayrac 7th edition 2022 9781119890683 Contents Chapter 1 An Overview ............................................................................................5 The innate immune system (second level of defense).................................................................5 The adaptive immune system (third level of defense).................................................................6 Chapter 2 The Innate Immune System .....................................................................10 The professional phagocytes.....................................................................................................13 Chapter 3 B cells and antibodies .............................................................................17 The B cell receptor.....................................................................................................................17 How the BCR signals..................................................................................................................17 How B cells are activated...........................................................................................................19 Antibodies classes and their functions.......................................................................................20 Chapter 4 The Magic of Antigen Presentation ..........................................................24 Class I MHC Molecules................................................................................................................24 Class II MHC Molecules...............................................................................................................24 Antigen presentation by class I MHC molecules.........................................................................24 Antigen presentation by class II MHC molecules........................................................................25 Antigen presenting cells.............................................................................................................25 The logic of class I MHC presentation........................................................................................27 The logic of class II MHC presentation.......................................................................................27 Cross-presentation.....................................................................................................................29 Non-classical MHC molecules an lipid presentation...................................................................29 MHC proteins and organ transplantations..................................................................................29 Chapter 5 T Cell Activation.....................................................................................29 T cell receptors..........................................................................................................................29 Traditional T cells.......................................................................................................................29 Non-traditional T cells................................................................................................................29 How a T cell’s receptors signals.................................................................................................31 CD4 and CD8 co-receptors.........................................................................................................31 Co-stimulation............................................................................................................................32 A time-lapse photo of helper T cell activation............................................................................32 How killer T cells are activated..................................................................................................33 Fail-safe activation.....................................................................................................................33 Chapter 6 T cells at Work.......................................................................................33 Helper T cells as cytokine factories............................................................................................33 The dendritic cells as “coach” of the immune system team......................................................33 Th1 Helper T cells......................................................................................................................35 Th2 Helper T cells......................................................................................................................35 Th17 Helper T cells....................................................................................................................36 Th0 Helper T cells......................................................................................................................36 2 / 4

summary How the Immune System Works Sompayrac 7th edition 2022 9781119890683 Locking in the helper T cell profile.............................................................................................36 Delayed-type hypersensitivity...................................................................................................36 How CTLs KILL............................................................................................................................36 Chapter 7 Secondary Lymphoid Organs and Lymphocyte Trafficking.........................38 Lymphoid follicles......................................................................................................................38 High endothelial venules............................................................................................................39 Lymph nodes..............................................................................................................................39 Lymph node choreography........................................................................................................40 Recirculation through lymph nodes...........................................................................................40 Peyer’s patches..........................................................................................................................42 The spleen.................................................................................................................................42 The logic of secondary lymphoid organs....................................................................................44 Lymphocyte trafficking..............................................................................................................44 Why mothers kiss their babies...................................................................................................45 Chapter 8 Restraining the Immune System .............................................................45 Attenuating the immune response.............................................................................................45 Deactivating the system............................................................................................................45 Life is short................................................................................................................................47 Exhaustion.................................................................................................................................47 Chapter 9 Self Tolerance and MHC Restriction .........................................................48 the thymus.................................................................................................................................48 MHC restriction..........................................................................................................................48 The logic of MHC restriction.......................................................................................................48 Thymus testing for tolerance of self...........................................................................................50 Medullary thymic epithelial cells................................................................................................50 Thymic dendritic cells................................................................................................................50 Graduation.................................................................................................................................50 The riddle of MHC restriction and tolerance induction...............................................................50 Tolerance by ignoring................................................................................................................52 Tolerance induction in secondary lymphoid organs...................................................................52 Peripheral tolerance induction...................................................................................................54 Tolerance due to activation-induced cell death.........................................................................54 B cell tolerance..........................................................................................................................54 Maintenance of B cell tolerance in germinal centers.................................................................54 Positive selection of natural killer cells......................................................................................56 75 common test bank questions and answers ..........................................................57 50 core concepts explained briefly and alphabetically .............................................60

• weblinks you need to know .................................................................................62

Specific exam hacks...............................................................................................63 Common Mistakes......................................................................................................................64 3 / 4

summary How the Immune System Works Sompayrac 7th edition 2022 9781119890683 Key Theories, Models, and Concepts to Master..........................................................................64 What You Absolutely Must Learn................................................................................................64 Common Mistakes Students Make .............................................................................................65 Best Study Practices for Immunology........................................................................................65

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