Copyright 2018, 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Copyright © 2018, 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Lustig

Chapter 1: Introduction to Intercultural Competence

Chapter Overview The world is becoming increasingly more intercultural, and thus the need for intercultural competence and communication is continually on the rise. While it’s important to maintain one’s own cultural identity in a multicultural world, there are many benefits that arise from embracing our shared humanity and meaningfully interacting with others, regardless of their cultural background, customs, values, or modes of communication.To achieve intercultural communication competence, one must understand the six imperatives— demographic, technological, global, peace, self-awareness, and interpersonal—covered in this chapter. Being interculturally competent in one’s communication also requires comprehension of communication as a symbolic, interpretive, contextual process that allows people to create shared meanings.Chapter Outline

Introduction: Introduction to Intercultural Competence

1.1: Imperatives for Intercultural Competence

1.1.1: The Demographic Imperative for Intercultural Competence

•Objective: Explain why the shifting demographic makeup of the country increasingly requires intercultural competence

1.1.2: The Technological Imperative for Intercultural Competence

•Objective: Describe why technological advancements escalate the need for intercultural competence

1.1.3: The Global Imperative for Intercultural Competence

•Objective: Describe how globalization requires increased intercultural competence

1.1.4: The Peace Imperative for Intercultural Competence

•Objective: Explain why the need to live peacefully with others requires intercultural competence Intercultural Competence Interpersonal Communication Across Cultures 8e Myron W. Lustig, Jolene Koester, Rona Halualani (Instructor Manual All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) 1 / 4

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1.1.5: The Self-Awareness Imperative for Intercultural Competence

• Objective: Describe why being aware of one's own worldview helps enable intercultural competence

1.1.6: The Interpersonal Imperative for Intercultural Competence

• Objective: Summarize how interpersonal relationships are improved through intercultural competence

o Journal: Identifying the Imperatives that Speak to You

1.2: Communication

1.2.1: Communication Is Symbolic

• Objective: Describe how symbols represent concepts and objects in the process of communication

1.2.2: Communication Is Interpretive

• Objective: Explain the role of interpretation in the communication process

o Journal: What Happens?

1.2.3: Communication Is Transactional

• Objective: Describe how all participants in the communication process work together to create and sustain meaning

o Journal: Your View of the Process of Communication

1.2.4: Communication Is Contextual

• Objective: Describe how types of settings may impact communication

o Journal: Your Communication in Context

1.2.5: Communication Is a Process

• Objective: Explain why communication events are dynamic and unique

1.2.6: Communication Involves Shared Meanings

• Objective: Describe how people create and share meanings of messages as they share experiences

o Journal: The Dynamic Nature of Communication

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1.2.7: Communication Is Interpersonal

• Objective: Explain the characteristics of interpersonal communication

o Journal: Your Favorite Aspects of Interpersonal Communication

Summary: Introduction to Intercultural Competence

o Shared Writing: Why Intercultural Communication Competence Matters Today

Chapter 1 Quiz: Introduction to Intercultural Competence

In-and-Out of Class Activities

Reflective Response

• The United States has always been a nation of immigrants, but the country is currently in what

may be the most extensive wave of cultural mixing in recorded history. How has this trend affected the community in which you live, and how might it continue to affect it in the future if racial and cultural trends continue? Considering societal, economic, political, and other factors, describe how your community has changed thus far and how it might change in the future.

• Technological advancements have made the world smaller and increased the need for

intercultural competence. Which forms of technology—ranging from large forms, such as wireless communication, to specific forms, such as particular mobile applications—have most increased your own intercultural competence, and why? How have these forms of technology facilitated your participation in the global village? Which particular form of current or emerging technology do you think will shrink the world even further, and why?

• Globalization has undoubtedly changed the world, and the phenomenon has both fierce

supporters and critics. Regarding intercultural competence, has globalization had a net positive or a net negative effect? What examples can you give to support your opinion?

• Interpersonal relationships are imperative in an intercultural world, but these relationships can

pose challenges when those in an interpersonal relationship have differing cultural frameworks.Describe an interpersonal relationship you have experienced in which you and another person had different cultural frameworks. What were the most pronounced differences, and how did these differences come to light? What effect(s) did these differences have on your relationship?

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• Because communication is a transaction, those participating in the transaction must have a

shared understanding of communication’s meaning. Describe a time when your own communication has failed to create a shared meaning among the people involved in the transaction, or when you have failed to understand the meaning of someone else’s communication. What factors do you think contributed to this experience of unshared meaning?

Group & Team Collaboration

• Communication is contextual; that is, it is bound by physical, social, and interpersonal

contexts. In groups of three to five, imagine a scenario in which a communicative transaction between two or more people is impeded due to a contextual problem. Choose one person to be the group’s scribe and write down the scenario. Include details on who is involved in the scenario and what happens. After 5–10 minutes, reconvene as a class and choose one group member to explain your scenario to the class. Your classmates will discuss and identify the contextual problem and offer a solution. The instructor will facilitate.

• Recent data indicate that the United States is clearly a multicultural society. What benefits and

consequences can arise from such a society? In small groups of three to five, think about and discuss the implications of living and communicating within a multicultural society. Create a list of major benefits and consequences and share them with the class after reconvening. The instructor will facilitate and encourage your classmates to engage with your opinions and counter them as necessary.

• Communication technologies have revolutionized humans’ abilities to communicate across

cultures. In small groups of three to four, discuss modern communication technologies and create a list of what you feel are the most consequential technologies (YouTube, Facebook, Snapchat, Duolingo, etc.). Your list should include at least one technological form per group member.Then, outside of class, each group member should research that technology, including its origins and history, its main and minor purposes, its reach, and what it wants to accomplish in the future.The following class, group members will reconvene to discuss their findings and then share them with the class. The instructor will facilitate class discussion.

• Recent data shows that approximately 6,000 hate crimes are committed in the United States

every year. In small groups of three to five, choose a category of hate crime (racial, cultural, religious, etc.), imagine a specific example of a hate crime that falls under that category, and discuss how low levels of intercultural competence can lead to such a crime. Finally, create two to three proposals for how to increase intercultural competence and reduce crimes of this nature.Share your ideas with the class as your instructor facilitates the discussion and your classmates’ responses.

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