DAANCE MODULE 1: BASIC SCIENCES ACTUAL

DAANCE MODULE 1: BASIC SCIENCES (ACTUAL / ) |

QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS | UPDATED

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AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM- OMS Perspective:

1) What do the anesthetic drugs utilized in OMS affect?2) What do barbiturates and propofol do, and what does this result in?3) What does ketamine do, and what does this affect?4) What can anticholinergic drugs do, and how does it do this?What are some anticholinergic drugs? - ---Answers---1) They affect the vital centers in the medulla and the pons that are associated with the autonomic nervous center.2) They depress the vital centers, resulting in hypotension and respiratory depression.3) This stimulates the vital centers and causes an increase in blood press and pulse.4) They can reduce secretion of saliva, by counteracting parasympathetic stimulation. Atropine or glycopyrrolate.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - OMS Perspective:

1) Why is epinephrine put into local anesthetics?2) How are autonomic drugs, such as epinephrine, useful in medical or anesthetic emergencies?3) How is epinephrine used? 1 / 3

4) How is ephedrine used? How are adrenergic drugs, such as labetalol used?5) How are adrenergic drugs such as albuterol used? - --- Answers---1) It causes vasoconstriction, which decreases 'wash-out' of the anesthetic from the area, and helps control bleeding.2) They can emulate or interfere with normal autonomic functions to help manage the emergency.3) It is used in cardiac arrest to reestablish electrical conductivity in the heart by stimulating the adrenergic receptors.4) It is used in the management of hypotension. Used in the management of hypertension.5) To treat asthma and severe allergic attacks.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - OMS Perspective:

1) How is atropine used in bradycardia?2) What are the roles of the cholinergic receptors in the heart, which normally receive acetylcholine?3) How does atropine affect this?4) What does this do to treat bradycardia? - ---Answers---1) It counteracts the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the parasympathetic receptor sites in the heart.2) To maintain the heart rate at a decreased heart level and keep it in check.3) It blocks acetylcholine, which stops the parasympathetic 'braking' action of the heart.4) It increases heart rate, which overcomes the bradycardia. 2 / 3

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:

1) How much blood can the heart pump per minute?2) What kind of muscle is the heart made of? Why is this special?3) What is this ability called? - ---Answers---1) 5 quarts 2) Myocardium, it can contract on its own without stimulation by nerves.3) Automaticity.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM- UPPER CHAMBERS:

1) How many chambers does the heart have?2) What are the upper chambers?3)Where do they receive blood from?4) Which one receives oxygen-rich blood? - ---Answers---1) 4.2) The right and left atria.3) The left atrium receives blood from the lung though the pulmonary vein. The right atrium receives blood from the body.4) The left atrium.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM- LOWER CHAMBERS:

1) What are the lower chambers? Where do they receive their blood from?2) What are the physical differences between these and the atria?

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