ECCO FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL

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ECCO FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL

EXAM WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS.

What is the initial treatment for chest pain? - correct answer- MONA -Morphine -Oxygen -Nitroglycerin -Aspirin

For an acute MI/chest pain, what changes are we looking for on the EKG? - correct answer- ST elevation

Cardiac enzymes are elevated in what conditions? - correct answer- MI, cardiac tamponade, cardiac surgery, acute injury - trauma to chest/chest injury, pericarditis

In what condition do we NOT see an elevation of troponin in? - correct answer- Congestive heart failure

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Why do we hear heart murmurs? - correct answer- we hear heart murmurs because of the thickening of a valve like aortic stenosis or d/t mechanical dysfunction of the valve

Stenosis of the aortic or pulmonic valves will result in a - correct answer- systolic murmur, as blood is ejected through the narrowed valve

Regurgitation of the aortic or pulmonic valves will result in a - correct answer- diastolic murmur, as blood flows backward into the diseased valve when ventricular pressures drop during relaxation

Where can you hear the aortic stenosis? - correct answer- 2nd intercostal space, R sternal boarder -rough and high pitched murmur

What do we look for in an atrial waveform? (on an a-line) - correct answer- The dicrotic notch -it indicates closure of the AV (aortic valve)

How long do you hold pressure for when you pull an art line? - correct answer- 8-10 minutes 2 / 3

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What are we looking out for when using thrombolytics (rTPA)? - correct answer- Brain bleeds

What are signs of herniation (bleeding) from rTPA? - correct answer- 1. decreased LOC/neuro changes

• increased ICP
• severe headaches

What conditions warrant for an external pacemaker? - correct answer- Symptomatic bradycardia, 3rd degree heart block, recurrent tachy-brady syndromes,

Can we use atropine for a 3rd degree heart block? - correct answer- No.

What are the signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade? - correct answer- Narrow pulse pressure, pulses paradox (BP drops 15 mg when pt takes breath in), increased JVD, low BP, muffled heart tones (late sign), HR initially will speed up (won't be bradycardic)

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