Electrolytes Questions and Answers

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Saunders NCLEX~Fluids and Electrolytes Questions and Answers Already Passed

A patient with hypokalemia may exhibit which of the following signs or symptoms?✔✔ Muscle weakness and irregular heart rhythms

In the case of hypercalcemia, which system is most likely to be affected?✔✔ The nervous system, causing confusion and lethargy

When a patient is diagnosed with hyponatremia, what would be a priority nursing intervention?✔✔ Monitor for neurological changes and confusion

A patient with fluid volume excess will most likely exhibit which of the following?✔✔ Edema, weight gain, and possible shortness of breath

In metabolic acidosis, how does the body compensate to restore normal pH?✔✔ Increased respiratory rate to expel excess carbon dioxide

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A nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory alkalosis. What compensatory mechanism might the body use?✔✔ The kidneys will excrete bicarbonate to lower pH

Which of the following is a primary concern for a patient with hypomagnesemia?✔✔ Risk for seizures and muscle tremors

How does aldosterone regulate fluid balance in the body?✔✔ It promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion by the kidneys

When a patient has hyperkalemia, which condition is most commonly associated with this imbalance?✔✔ Renal failure

What would be the expected result of dehydration in terms of the patient's blood pressure?✔✔ Decreased blood pressure due to fluid loss

If a patient is receiving diuretics, which electrolyte imbalance should be monitored closely? 2 / 3

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✔✔ Hypokalemia, as diuretics often lead to potassium loss

What are the signs of hypernatremia that should be assessed for in a patient?✔✔ Thirst, dry mucous membranes, and confusion

What is a common symptom in patients with fluid volume deficit?✔✔ Hypotension and dizziness

Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly associated with chronic alcoholism?✔✔ Hypomagnesemia

If a patient's blood pH drops, leading to acidosis, what compensatory action occurs in the lungs?✔✔ The respiratory rate increases to exhale carbon dioxide and raise pH

What is the primary role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in fluid balance?✔✔ It promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys to conserve body fluid

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