EMT FINAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS PART 1

EMT FINAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS (PART 1)

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60-year-old woman presents with chest discomfort, confusion, and weakness. The patient's husband tells you that she vomited twice before EMS arrival. The patient's BP is 70/40 mm Hg, her pulse is 45 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 14 breaths/min and unlabored. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of her hypotension?

• Bradycardia
• Hypovolemia
• Myocardial ischemia

D) Respiratory compromise - CORRECT ANSWER: A

A 10-year-old child was struck by a car while crossing the street. He has bilateral femur fractures and a head injury. His father has been notified and is 20 minutes away from

the scene. The EMT should:

• contact medical control to see if he/she will take custody of the child.
• attempt to contact the child's mother to see if she can be there sooner.
• begin immediate transport and have law enforcement update the father.
• stabilize the child at the scene until the father arrives and gives consent. - CORRECT

ANSWER: C

A 22-year-old male has a shard of glass impaled in his cheek. You look inside his mouth and see minor bleeding. The patient is conscious and alert with adequate breathing.

You should:

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• carefully remove the shard of glass in the same direction that it entered.
• be prepared for severe bleeding as you carefully remove the shard of glass.
• carefully stabilize the shard of glass and allow him to suction his own mouth.
• remove the shard of glass and place gauze in his mouth to control the bleeding. -

CORRECT ANSWER: C

A 22-year-old man crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is found approximately 20 feet away from his bike and is responsive to pain only. He is not wearing a helmet. You are unable to effectively open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. What should you do?

• Insert an oral airway and assess his breathing.
• Carefully tilt his head back and lift up on his chin.
• Apply high-flow oxygen and assess his carotid pulse.
• Suction his oropharynx and reattempt the jaw-thrust maneuver. - CORRECT

ANSWER: B

A 30-year-old woman crashed her car into a tree at a high rate of speed. She is conscious and alert and has stable vital signs. She has some small lacerations and abrasions to her arms and face, but no obviously life-threatening injuries. As you are loading her into the ambulance, she tells you that she does not want to go to the

hospital. You should:

• advise her that she is probably too emotionally upset to be able to refuse EMS

treatment and transport.

• ask a law enforcement officer to administer a breathalyzer test to determine if she

has been drinking alcohol.

• advise the patient that she should be transported to the hospital because of the

seriousness of the crash.

• obtain a signed refusal from the patient and ask a law enforcement officer to

transport her to the hospital. - CORRECT ANSWER: C

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A 33-year-old female presents with acute respiratory distress. She is conscious but anxious, and tells you that she has a history of asthma. She took two puffs of her albuterol inhaler prior to your arrival, but states that it did not help. Her oxygen saturation reads 89% and you hear diffuse wheezing while auscultating her lungs. You

should:

• give her 100% humidified oxygen to dilate her bronchioles, monitor her oxygen

saturation, and transport her to an appropriate medical facility.

• assist her with a third albuterol treatment, contact medical control for further advice,

give her high-flow oxygen, and transport her to the hospital.

• ventilate her with a bag-valve-mask device until her oxygen saturation is at least 94%

and rapidly transport her to the closest appropriate medical facility.

• administer high-flow oxygen, contact medical control to request permission to assist

her with another albuterol treatme - CORRECT ANSWER: D

A 35-year-old patient complains of shortness of breath. He is conscious and alert and is able to speak in complete sentences, although with slight difficulty. Assessment reveals diffuse wheezing to auscultation, a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min, a heart rate of 110 beats/min, and an oxygen saturation of 96%. Which of the following interventions would be of MOST benefit to this patient?

• A beta antagonist
• Assisted ventilation
• Supplemental oxygen

D) Inhaled bronchodilator - CORRECT ANSWER: D

A 40-year-old man is conscious, but has an increased rate of breathing. You should:

• apply 100% oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.
• immediately insert a nasopharyngeal airway.
• assess the regularity and quality of breathing.
• ventilate him with a bag-valve-mask device. - CORRECT ANSWER: C 3 / 4

A 45-year-old woman calls EMS because of severe chest pain. When you arrive, she advises you that she has taken two of her husband's nitroglycerin tablets without relief.Her BP is 110/60 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min, her respirations are 16

breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 95%. You should:

• attach the AED, administer 100% oxygen, and contact medical control for advice.
• transport the patient without delay and monitor her blood pressure en route.
• Call medical control and request permission to assist the patient with one more NTG

tablet.

• Apply oxygen, assess the patient's blood pressure, and give a third and final NTG

tablet. - CORRECT ANSWER: B

A 50-year-old man presents with crushing chest pain that suddenly began about 30

minutes ago. He is diaphoretic and anxious. The EMT should:

• obtain baseline vital signs.
• apply supplemental oxygen.
• administer chewable aspirin.

D) perform a complete physical exam. - CORRECT ANSWER: B

A 50-year-old man with a history of hypertension began experiencing chest pressure while mowing his lawn. After taking a baby aspirin and resting for approximately 10 minutes, the pressure in his chest completely resolved. Which of the following would BEST explain this?

• The patient's blood pressure increased after he ceased exertion, causing his chest

pressure to resolve

• The cessation of exertion decreased the workload of the heart and blood flow around

a coronary clot improved

• The aspirin dissolved a small clot in a coronary artery and reestablished blood flow to

that part of the heart

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