Exam 1: NR328 NR 328 Latest

Exam 1: NR328 / NR 328 (Latest

Update 2025 / 2026) Pediatric Nursing | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain

Question:

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) & Tricuspid Atresia

Answer:

Combination of four heart defects

S/S: Cyanosis

Meds: Surgical repair in first year of life

*** For hypercyanotic episodes, bring child's to knees up to chest (knee-chest position) ***Tet spell/lack of oxygen ***short period when a child's skin, nails and lips turns a little blue or grey

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Question:

AV canal defect

Answer:

Hole in the center of the heart that allows blood flows between the 4 chambers

S/S: HF, loud systolic murmur

Tx: Surgical patch closure and valve reconstruction

Question:

PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)

Answer:

The fetal ductus arteriosus connecting the aorta and pulmonary artery fails to close after birth

S/S: "Machine-hum" murmur, bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure (0.20

mmHg)

Tx: Indomethacin. Coils to occlude PDA during cardiac cauterization

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Question:

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Answer:

A hole in the septum on L/R atria

S/S: Asymptomatic, HF, systolic murmur with wide fixed

Meds: closure during cardiac cath. surgical patch closure

Question:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

Answer:

Hole in the septum L/R ventricle

S/S: HF, loud holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border

Meds: surgery to suture or patch hole

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Question:

Coarctation of the Aorta (COA)

Answer:

Stenosis (narrowing of aorta)

S/S: Upper extremity hypertension/bounding pulses, poor lower extremity

perfusion (pallor, cool skin, weak pulses, & HF

Meds: Balloon angiomosis to normal aorta. Manage hypertension with bp

meds

Question:

Aorta Stenosis

Answer:

Narrowing of the aorta valve

S/S: decrease cardiac output, low 02* hypotension, low pulses, tachycardia

poor feeding, activity intolerance, pulmonary congestion, & HF

Meds: Balloon dilation, valvotomy (open the heart valve)

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