Exam 1: NR341 NR 341 Latest

Exam 1: NR341 / NR 341 (Latest

Update 2025 / 2026) Complex Adult Health | Questions and Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain

Question:

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)

Answer:

Adverse Effects: Induces and maintains sedation before and/or during

surgery.Anxiolytic properties.

Nursing Interventions: ↓ BP, ↓ HR, sinus arrest, transient ↑ BP during

administration of loading dose.

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Question:

Dissociative Anesthetic: ketamine (Ketalar)

Answer:

Given IV or IM.Potent analgesic and amnesic.Used for patients with hypotension from hemorrhage, hypovolemia, sepsis, or severe cardiovascular compromise.Useful in people with asthma to prevent bronchospasm.

May cause hallucinations and nightmares (midazolam decreases these effects), ↑ heart rate, ↑ BP.

Anticipate use of a benzodiazepine if agitation and hallucinations occur.Calm, quiet environment is essential in postoperative care.

Question:

should the chest tubing become disconnected

Answer:

the end of the tubing should be placed in sterile water/saline to restore the water seal.

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Question:

Pneumothorax

Answer:

is a collection of air trapped within the pleural space.

Risk Factors smoking tall, thin body in an otherwise healthy person family history of spontaneous pneumothorax severe chronic lung disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

[COPD])

pregnancy lung infection or pneumonia connective tissue disease mechanical ventilation previous history of a pneumothorax

Causes Can occur due to a laceration or puncture of the lung during medical procedures (for example, transthoracic needle aspiration, subclavian catheter insertion, or pleural biopsy). Trauma resulting in rib fractures, penetrating wounds, or blunt trauma can result in a pneumothorax. Underlying lung disease can increase the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Small tubes, 12F to 24F, are used to remove air 3 / 4

Question:

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer:

is caused by the rupture of small air-filled sacs (blebs) on the lung surface.The air becomes trapped within the pleural cavity. Since air tends to rise, the location of absent breath sounds may not correspond to the area of injury.

Risk factors include:

smoking a tall and thin frame male gender personal or family history of spontaneous pneumothorax

Question:

Latrogenic pneumothorax

Answer:

During a medical procedure when the lung is either lacerated or punctured.

A puncture can happen during a transthoracic (through the chest wall) needle aspiration or subclavian catheter insertion (the top of the lungs is close to the subclavian veins). Mechanical ventilation, particularly when high pressures are required, can result in barotrauma (baro meaning pressure) that ruptures alveoli, resulting in pneumothorax.

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