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FMTB-W BLOCK 2
EXAM WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS.
Predisposing factors of dehydration - correct answer- Alcohol consumption Medications High BMI/low fitness level Inadequate diet Improper clothing Medical conditions Age Fatigue/lack of sleep Improper acclimatization
Signs and symptoms of dehydration - correct answer- Fatigue Headache Decreased heat tolerance Cognitive deterioration Reduction in strength and physical capacity Decreased turgor Increased heart rate and breathing
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Severe dehydration - correct answer- Weak, rapid pulse Cold hands or feet Hypotension Dysuria Lethargy Cyanotic lips
Hydration during activities - correct answer- 1 qt per hour, no more than 1.5 liters per hour
Hyponatremia - correct answer- Low sodium level in the blood Disturbs the osmotic balance and can cause a rapid influx of water into the brain
Causes of hyponatremia - correct answer- Excessive water intake Loss of sodium in sweat
S/sx hyponatremia - correct answer- Headache Malaise Nausea Confusion 2 / 4
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Seizures Coma Permanent brain damage Death
Risk factors of hyponatremia - correct answer- Exercise duration of greater than 4 hours Low body weight Overhydration NSAID use Extreme hot or cold conditions
Treatment of hyponatremia - correct answer- Place in upright position Tacevac
ONLY TREATED BY AN MO
Mild dehydration treatment - correct answer- Oral hydration (if tolerable)
Moderate to severe hydration treatment - correct answer- IV fluid replacement never over hydrate 3 / 4
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3L of fluid
Normal temperature range - correct answer- 97.6-99.6
Hypothalamus - correct answer- Regulates the body's core temperature, can tell the body to conserve heat or dissipate heat by increasing RR, cardiac output, vasodilation and perspiration.
Predisposing factors of heat casualty - correct answer- Age Physical fitness
PREVIOUS HISTORY OF HEAT INJURY
Skin trauma Sunburn Heat rash Windburn Dermatologic disease
Does a heat injury cause permanent damage to the hypothalamus? - correct answer- Yes
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