EXAMQUESTIONS AND 100 C0RRECT

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EXAM|QUESTIONS AND 100% C0RRECT

What is accomplished by diffusion? - ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

What causes osmotic diarrhea? - ANSWER Non-absorbable substances in the intestine drawing water into the bowel

What is BNP? - ANSWER B-type natriuretic peptide, a marker used to diagnose heart failure.

What is pleural effusion? - ANSWER An accumulation of fluid in the pleural space around the lungs.

If a patient's ABG shows pH at 7.29, bicarb= 25, and PaCO2 of 55, what diagnosis is consistent with these lab values? - ANSWER Respiratory acidosis.

What causes respiratory acidosis? - ANSWER Decreased ventilation causes the lungs to retain carbon dioxide, which lowers the pH in the blood. This can be caused by COPD, foreign body obstruction, and severe asthma.

How does the respiratory system compensate for acid-base disturbances? - ANSWER By changing the rate and depth of breathing. Increased breathing rate expels CO2 to reduce acidity (compensates for metabolic acidosis), while decreased breathing rate retains CO2 to reduce acidity (compensates for metabolic alkalosis).

Name one symptom of acidosis - ANSWER Rapid breathing

What term describes a gene when the same allele is inherited from both parents? - ANSWER Homozygous 1 / 2

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Describe the ICF (intercellular fluid) compartment. - ANSWER The ICF compartment is the fluid contained within the cells, making up for about 2/3 of the body's total water content.

What two conditions will cause dehydration and increase water requirements? - ANSWER Severe diarrhea and excessive sweating.

What are phagocytic cells? Give two examples. - ANSWER cells that engulf, ingest, and destroy foreign bodies or toxins; examples include macrophages and neutrophils.

What is Turner's syndrome? List some signs and symptoms. - ANSWER Turner's syndrome is defined as a complete or partial lack of an X-chromosome in females. S/S include: hypothyroidism, HTN, neck webbing, amenorrhea, short stature, infertility, vision issues, aortic valve issues.

What are two symptoms of Huntington's disease? - ANSWER Lack of control in movement, cognitive decline, depressions, muscle spasticity, speech/swallowing difficulty

What three issues would children with ND-PAE exhibit? - ANSWER Cognitive defects, behavioral problems, and physical abnormalities.

What defines a grade 1 sprain? - ANSWER Mild stretching or slight tear of a ligament with little or no join instability.

What are signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis? - ANSWER Morning stiffness, swelling, limited ROM, and symmetrical joint pain in the hips after physical exertion or during cold weather. Herberden's and Bouchards nodes noted on fingers.

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