Final Exam Actual Exam Questions with Correct Verified

pg. 1 Management of Pharmacotherapeutics in Advanced Practice Final Exam/ Actual Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers – Latest Update .

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage reservoir of

the drug. Storage reservoirs:

• Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue
• Are the reason for giving loading doses
• Increase the length of time a drug is available and active
• Are most common in collagen tissues - ANSWER - 3. Increase the length of time a drug is available and

active

Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day's dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the

prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:

• Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range
• Requires four- to five-half-lives to attain
• Is influenced by renal function
• Is directly related to the drug circulating to the target tissues - ANSWER - 1. Rapidly achieves drug

levels in the therapeutic range

The ailment that generates the greatest over-the-counter annual drug sales is:

• Constipation
• Cough and colds
• Heartburn
• Acute and chronic pain - ANSWER - 2. Cough and colds

The Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, which is part of the 2006 U.S. Patriot Act:

• Requires all providers to screen their patients for methamphetamine use 1 / 4

pg. 2

• Restricts the prescribing of amphetamines to U.S. citizens
• Requires a prescription be written for all methamphetamine precursors in all states
• Restricts the sales of drugs that contain methamphetamine precursors, including a daily and 30-day

limit on sales - ANSWER - 4. Restricts the sales of drugs that contain methamphetamine precursors, including a daily and 30-day limit on sales

When prescribing a tetracycline or quinolone antibiotic it is critical to instruct the patient:

• Not to take their regularly prescribed medications while on these antibiotics
• Regarding the need for lots of acidic foods and juices, such as orange juice, to enhance absorption
• Not to take antacids while on these medications, as the antacid decreases absorption
• That there are no drug interactions with these antibiotics - ANSWER - 3. Not to take antacids while on

these medications, as the antacid decreases absorption

Factors that place a patient at risk of developing an antimicrobial-resistant organism include:

• Age over 50 years
• School attendance
• Travel within the U.S.
• Inappropriate use of antimicrobials - ANSWER - 4. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials

Infants and young children are at higher risk of developing antibiotic-resistant infections due to:

• Developmental differences in pharmacokinetics of the antibiotics in children
• The fact that children this age are more likely to be in daycare and exposed to pathogens from other

children

• Parents of young children insisting on preventive antibiotics so they don't miss work when their child

is sick

• Immunosuppression from the multiple vaccines they receive in the first 2 years of life - ANSWER - 2.

The fact that children this age are more likely to be in daycare and exposed to pathogens from other children

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pg. 3

Providers should use an antibiogram when prescribing. An antibiogram is:

• The other name for the Centers for Disease Control guidelines for prescribing antibiotics
• An algorithm used for prescribing antibiotics for certain infections
• The reference also known as the Pink Book, published by the Centers for Disease Control
• A chart of the local resistance patterns to antibiotics developed by laboratories - ANSWER - 4. A chart

of the local resistance patterns to antibiotics developed by laboratories

There is often cross-sensitivity and cross-resistance between penicillins and cephalosporins because:

• Renal excretion is similar in both classes of drugs.
• When these drug classes are metabolized in the liver they both produce resistant enzymes.
• Both drug classes contain a beta-lactam ring that is vulnerable to beta-lactamase-producing

organisms.

• There is not an issue with cross-resistance between the penicillins and cephalosporins. - ANSWER - 3.

Both drug classes contain a beta-lactam ring that is vulnerable to beta-lactamase-producing organisms.

Jonathan has been diagnosed with strep throat and needs a prescription for an antibiotic. He says the last time he had penicillin he developed a red, blotchy rash. An appropriate antibiotic to prescribe would

be:

• Penicillin VK, because his rash does not sound like a serious rash
• Amoxicillin
• Cefadroxil (Duricef)
• Azithromycin - ANSWER - 4. Azithromycin

Sarah is a 25-year-old female who is 8 weeks pregnant and has a urinary tract infection. What would be the appropriate antibiotic to prescribe for her?

• Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
• Amoxicillin (Trimox)
• Doxycycline
• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra) - ANSWER - 2. Amoxicillin (Trimox)
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pg. 4 Pong-tai is a 12-month-old child who is being treated with amoxicillin for acute otitis media. His parents call the clinic and say he has developed diarrhea. The appropriate action would be to:

• Advise the parents that some diarrhea is normal with amoxicillin and recommend probiotics daily.
• Change the antibiotic to one that is less of a gastrointestinal irritant.
• Order stool cultures for suspected viral pathogens not treated by the amoxicillin.
• Recommend increased fluids and fiber in his diet. - ANSWER - 1. Advise the parents that some

diarrhea is normal with amoxicillin and recommend probiotics daily.

Lauren is a 13-year-old child who comes to clinic with a 4-day history of cough, low-grade fever, and rhinorrhea. When she blows her nose or coughs the mucous is greenish-yellow. The appropriate

antibiotic to prescribe would be:

• Amoxicillin
• Amoxicillin/clavulanate
• TMP/SMZ (Septra)
• None - ANSWER - 4. None

Joanna had a small ventricle septal defect (VSD) repaired when she was 3 years old and has no residual cardiac problems. She is now 28 and is requesting prophylactic antibiotics for an upcoming dental visit.The appropriate antibiotic to prescribe according to current American College of Cardiology and

American Heart Association guidelines is:

• None, no antibiotic is required for dental procedures
• Amoxicillin 2 grams 1 hour before the procedure
• Ampicillin 2 grams IM or IV 30 minutes before the procedure
• Azithromycin 1 gram 1 hour before the procedure - ANSWER - 1. None, no antibiotic is required for

dental procedures

To prevent further development of antibacterial resistance it is recommended that fluoroquinolones be

reserved for treatment of:

• Urinary tract infections in young women
• Upper respiratory infections in adults
• Skin and soft tissue infections in adults
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