Finall Exam:l NRl 507l NR507l Latestl

Finall Exam:l NRl 507/l NR507l (Latestl

2026/l 2027l Update)l Advancedl Pathophysiologyl Guide|l Q/Al |l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Answers)l - Chamberlain

Q:l Hiatall Hernia:l Diagnosis

Answer:

Isl al majorl riskl factorl forl GERD,l Diaphragmaticl weakness,l Contributingl factors:l Aging,l Obesity,l Pregnancy,l Increasedl intra-abdominall pressurel (chronicl coughingl orl Valsalval maneuver),l Structurall abnormalitiesl ofl thel diaphragm

Q:l Hiatall Hernia:l Treatment

Answer:

Lifestylel modification,l Conservativel treatment:l eatingl small,l frequentl meals,l Medications:l Antacids,l H2l receptorl blockers,l Protonl pumpl inhibitors,l Prokineticl agents,l Surgery:l hernial repair

Q:l Duodenall Ulcer:l Pathophysiology

Answer:

H.l pylori,l Gastricl acidl hypersecretion,l Impairedl mucosall defensel mechanisms,l Disruptionl ofl thel balancel betweenl aggressivel andl defensivel factors

Q:l Aggressivel Factorsl vs.l Defensivel Factors

Answer: 1 / 4

Aggressivel factors:l Gastricl acid,l Pepsin,l H.l pylori,l NSAIDS;l Defensivel factors:l Mucus- bicarbonatel layer,l Prostaglandins,l Cellularl repairl mechanisms

Q:l Duodenall Ulcer:l Assessment

Answer:

Medicall history,l Symptoms:l Thel characteristicl manifestationl ofl al duodenall ulcerl isl chronicl intermittentl painl inl thel epigastricl area.l Thel painl beginsl 30l minutesl tol 2l hoursl afterl eating,l whenl thel stomachl isl empty.l Itl isl notl unusuall forl painl tol occurl inl thel middlel ofl thel nightl andl disappearl byl morning.l Physicall exam

Q:l Duodenall Ulcer:l Diagnosis

Answer:

Upperl GIl endoscopy,l H.l pyloril testing,l Imagingl studies

Q:l Duodenall ulcer:l treatment

Answer:

Lifestylel modifications,l Medications:l Protonl pumpl inhibitorsl andl H2-receptorl blockers,l Antibiotics,l Antacidsl andl cytoprotectivel agents,l Follow-upl andl monitoring

Q:l Gastricl Ulcer-l Pathophysiology

Answer:

Hypersecretionl ofl gastricl acid,l Mucosall injuryl andl inflammation,l Ulcerl formation,l Healingl orl complications

Q:l Gastricl Ulcer-l Riskl Factors

Answer:

H-pyloril infection,l NSAIDS,l Smoking,l Excessivel alcoholl consumption,l Stressl (physicall andl psychological),l Familyl history,l Age 2 / 4

Q:l Gastrointestinal:l Pepticl Ulcerl Disease

Answer:

Al pepticl ulcerl isl al breakl orl ulcerationl inl thel protectivel mucosall liningl ofl thel lowerl esophagus,l stomach,l orl duodenum.l Leastl likelyl tol occurl inl thel largel intestine,l Differencel betweenl erosionl andl ulcer

Q:l Pepticl Ulcerl Disease-l Pathophysiology

Answer:

Aggressivel factors:l H.l pylori,l Gastricl acidl hypersecretion,l NSAIDS,l Lifestylel factors;l Protectivel mechanisms:l Mucusl andl bicarbonatel secretion,l Prostaglandins,l Mucosall bloodl flow,l Epitheliall celll renewal

Q:l Pepticl Ulcerl Disease:l Assessment

Answer:

Medicall historyl andl riskl factors,l Symptoms,l Physicall exam

Q:l Diagnosticl Approachesl forl PUD

Answer:

Endoscopy-Goldl standard,l Labl tests:l CBC,l Stooll forl occultl blood,l Seruml ureal andl electrolytes,l H.l pyloril testing,l Imagingl studies:l Abdominall ultrasound,l CTl Scan

Q:l Protonl pumpl inhibitors

Answer:

Medicationsl usedl tol reducel stomachl acidl production.

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Q:l Antibiotics

Answer:

Medicationsl usedl tol treatl bacteriall infections.

Q:l H2-receptorl antagonists

Answer:

Medicationsl thatl decreasel stomachl acidl productionl byl blockingl histaminel receptors.

Q:l Cytoprotectivel agents

Answer:

Medicationsl thatl protectl thel gastricl mucosa.

Q:l Avoidancel ofl NSAIDS

Answer:

Lifestylel modificationl tol preventl irritationl ofl thel stomachl lining.

Q:l Smokingl cessation

Answer:

Lifestylel modificationl involvingl quittingl smokingl tol improvel healthl outcomes.

Q:l Dietaryl changes

Answer:

Modificationsl inl dietl tol improvel gastrointestinall health.

Q:l Follow-upl andl maintenancel therapy

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