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Finall Exam:l NRl 602/l NR602l (Latestl
2026/l 2027l Update)l Primaryl Carel ofl thel Childbearingl andl Childrearingl Familyl Practicuml Review|l Q/Al |l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Answers)l -Chamberlain
Q:l urinel culturel shouldl bel donel when
Answer:
urinel samplel positivel forl nitritesl orl leukocytel esterasel ifl thel childl hasl symptomsl ofl UTI,l thel riskl criterial forl UTIsl arel met,l orl thel childl hasl al highl feverl withoutl al source
Q:l enuresisl diagnosis
Answer:
Accordingl tol thel ICCSl al diagnosisl ofl enuresisl requiresl al minimuml agel ofl 5l yearsl old,l andl onel episodel al monthl forl al durationl ofl 3l months.
Q:l beforel treatingl nocturnall enuresis:
Answer:
•l Constipation:l Itl cannotl bel overemphasizedl howl importantl itl isl tol determinel ifl constipationl orl impactionl existsl beforel treatingl nocturnall enuresis.
Q:l causesl ofl enuresis
Answer:
•l Familiall disposition •l Neurologicl developmentall delay. 1 / 4
•l ADHD,l mentall healthl disorders •l Functionall smalll bladderl capacity •l Sleepl disorders:l Obstructivel sleepl apneal andl disorderedl sleepl patternsl resultl inl increasedl nocturnall enuresisl incidencel •l Stressl andl familyl disruptions •l Polyuria:l Thisl canl bel causedl byl nocturnall drinkingl asl welll asl caffeinel intake •l Inappropriatel toiletl training:l Thisl isl especiallyl commonl whenl parentsl arel overlyl demandingl orl punitivel ofl thel child.
Q:l historyl questionsl enuresis
Answer:
•l Urgency,l dysuria,l orl dribbling •l Arel therel voidingl orl stoolingl postponementl behaviors?
•l Numberl ofl voidsl perl day:l isl nocturial present?
•l Clusterl voiding:l forl example,l isl thel childl waitingl untill afterl school?•l Frequencyl ofl wetting—dayl andl night •l Typel ofl urinaryl stream
Q:l referrall warrantedl forl enuresis
Answer:
•l Weakl orl interruptedl urinaryl stream •l Needl tol usel abdominall pressurel tol urinate •l Combinedl daytimel incontinencel andl nocturnall enuresis
Q:l physicall examl enuresis
Answer:
•l Assessl thel externall genitalial forl signsl ofl irritation,l infection,l labiall fusion,l and/orl meatall stenosis.•l Examinel thel abdomenl forl masses,l especiallyl atl thel suprapubicl midlinel andl inl thel leftl lowerl quadrant.•l Examinel thel lowerl backl forl dimplesl andl hairl tufts.•l Assessl forl neurologicl functionl andl deepl tendonl reflexes.
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Q:l treatmentl enuresisl inl childrenl >6l yrsl old
Answer:
•l Urotherapy •l Enuresisl alarms •l Drugl therapy:l Drugl therapyl canl bel combinedl withl urotherapyl and/orl alarml therapy,l butl itl isl notl curative.
Q:l drugl therapyl forl enuresis
Answer:
Desmopression Effectivel inl childrenl withl nocturnall polyurial andl normall bladderl volume.Short-terml treatmentl onlyl (4-8l weeks).Notl recommendedl inl childrenl youngerl thanl 6l years.Notl recommendedl tol usel nasall spray.Cautionl mustl bel usedl withl patientsl whol arel hypertensivel orl havel al potentiall forl fluid- electrolytel imbalancel (e.g.,l childrenl withl cysticl fibrosisl susceptiblel tol hyponatremia).Usel leastl amountl effective.Takel onl emptyl stomach;l avoidl caffeine,l chocolate,l NutraSweet,l andl carbonatedl beverages.Wakel childrenl tol urinatel withinl 10l hl ofl takingl thel medication.
Q:l familyl educationl pediatricl UTIs
Answer:
•l Clearl explanationl ofl thel cause,l potentiall complications,l andl overalll treatmentl plan,l includingl short-l andl long-terml plans.•l Frequentl andl completel voidingl andl increasedl fluidl intake,l especiallyl water.l Scheduledl voidingl times,l voidingl withl kneesl spreadl apart,l orl doublel voidingl (voidingl andl thenl immediatelyl attemptingl tol voidl again)l isl helpful.•l Properl hygienel andl avoidingl irritants,l suchl asl bubblel baths,l sittingl inl soapyl water,l andl perfumedl soaps.l Avoidl wearingl tightl pants,l especiallyl spandexl pants.l Wearl cottonl underwear.l Treatl perineall inflammationl tol helpl preventl UTI.•l Treatl constipation,l pinworms. 3 / 4
•l Encouragel sexuallyl activel femalesl tol drinkl waterl beforel intercoursel andl voidl immediatelyl afterward.•l Decreasel intakel ofl bladderl irritants,l suchl asl thel "fourl Cs"l (caffeine,l carbonatedl beverages,l chocolate,l citrus),l aspartamel (NutraSweet),l alcohol,l andl spicyl foods.•l Seekl promptl medicall attentionl withl recurrencel ofl feverl and/orl durationl ofl feverl forl morel thanl 48l hours,l especiallyl ifl youngerl thanl 24l monthsl old.
Q:l firstl linel treatmentl UTIsl inl children
Answer:
•l Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazolel (TMP-SMX) •l Amoxicillin •l Amoxicillinl clavulanatel (mostlyl forl pyelo)
Q:l historyl ofl childl withl hypothyroidism
Answer:
Growthl failure,l goiter,l delayedl orl arrestedl puberty,l delayedl dentition,l weightl gain,l fatigue,l dryl skin,l hyperlipidemia,l declinel inl schooll performance,l andl menorrhagial canl bel presentl inl thel childl withl hypothyroidism.familyl historyl usuallyl present
Q:l PEl hypothyroidisml inl infants
Answer:
•l Atl birth,l thel newbornl mayl appearl completelyl normal,l thatl isl whyl it'sl sol importantl tol universallyl screen
Thel mostl commonl neonatall signsl arel prolongedl jaundice,l constipation,l andl umbilicall hernia.l Infantsl withl CHl mayl alsol havel largel anteriorl andl posteriorl fontanelles,l macroglossia,l decreasedl musclel tone,l andl bel poorl feeders.l Theyl mayl havel respiratoryl distressl andl poorl peripherall circulationl withl cool,l cyanoticl skinl inl thel extremities.
Q:l PEl hypothyroidisml inl olderl children
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